Polymer synthesis in non-ionic deep eutectic solvents

Abstract

Acetamide- and urea-derivative based non-ionic deep eutectic solvents in polymer synthesis.

Greener, Faster, Stronger: The Benefits of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polymer and Materials Science

“…Ndizeye et al reported [ 49 ] the use of various N -methylated non-ionic deep eutectic solvents as porogens in the synthesis of a variety of crosslinked polymer monoliths. Specifically, acetamide: N -methylacetamide (AA-NMA), N -methylacetamide: N -methylurea (NMA-NMU) and N -methylacetamide: N,N′ -dimethylurea (NMA-NN′DMU) DES systems were prepared, all possessing melting points below 15 °C.…”

“…Ndizeye et al reported [49] the use of various N-methylated non-ionic deep eutectic solvents as porogens in the synthesis of a variety of crosslinked polymer monoliths. Specifically, acetamide:N-methylacetamide (AA-NMA), N-methylacetamide:N-methylurea (NMA-NMU) and N-methylacetamide:N,N -dimethylurea (NMA-NN DMU) DES systems were prepared, all possessing melting points below 15 • C. These solvents were used in the polymerization of either HEMA or methacrylic acid (MAA), using divinylbenzene (DVB) or 1,4-bis(acryloyl)piperazine (BAP) as cross-linkers in a 12:55 mole ratio of monomer to crosslinker.…”

“…Furthermore, the wide variety of amines, amides, alcohols and carboxylic derivatives available as HBDs, including those from bio-derived or natural sources, provide great potential for forming DES systems with tailored properties. DES systems can also formed from the mixture of HBDs, which can be termed “non-ionic” deep eutectic solvents [ 49 ].…”

Deep Eutectic Solvent as a Sustainable Medium for C–C Bond Formation Via Multicomponent Radical Conjugate Additions

“…Although DESs have been applied in several organic transformations, the field of radical-mediated organic reactions remains unexplored, with only a few examples related to polymer material synthesis. − Herein, we have developed an unprecedented, practical, and sustainable methodology for the multicomponent reductive coupling of a broad range of olefins (including 1,2-disubstituted ones) via radicals, which utilizes (i) a readily available and inexpensive iron catalyst, (ii) poly­(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS), a cheap, nontoxic, and air- and moisture-stable silane as an effective reducing agent, and (iii) DESs as a sustainable reaction medium.…”

Application of Extraction and Determination Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents in Different Types of Environmental Samples

“…Due to their noteworthy properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, large polarity range, and high thermal stability, DESs have been applied in separation processes, analytical chemistry, synthesis, electrochemistry, etc. [5][6][7][8]. DES synthesis methods include heating, evaporation, and freeze-drying.…”