Polymer support of “single-site” catalysts for heterogeneous olefin polymerization

Heurtefeu, Bertrand; Bouilhac, Cécile; Cloutet, Éric; Taton, Daniel; Deffieux, Alain; Cramail, Henri

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.09.002

Cited by 89 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…The same authors reported upon the formation of complexes that were capable of catalyzing the highly syndio-specific and controlled polymerization of propylene as well as synthesizing ethylene and propylene-based block copolymers [180]. Scheme 5 refers to the metallocenes that gave PPs with characteristic end groups resulting from chain-release reactions, primarily β-hydride and/or β-methyl transfer [161].…”

Section: Role and Type Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

et al. 2014

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50 years ago, Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and propylene using titanium compounds and aluminum-alkyls as co-catalysts. Polyolefins have grown to become one of the biggest of all produced polymers. New metallocene/methylaluminoxane (MAO) catalysts open the possibility to synthesize polymers with highly defined microstructure, tacticity, and steroregularity, as well as long-chain branched, or blocky copolymers with excellent properties. This improvement in polymerization is possible due to the single active sites available on the metallocene catalysts in contrast to their traditional counterparts. Moreover, these catalysts, half titanocenes/MAO, zirconocenes, and other single site catalysts can control various important parameters, such as co-monomer distribution, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, molecular architecture, stereo-specificity, degree of linearity, and branching of the polymer. However, in most cases research in this area has reduced academia as olefin polymerization has seen significant advancements in the industries. Therefore, this paper aims to further motivate interest in polyolefin research in academia by highlighting promising and open areas for the future.

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Section: Role and Type Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

et al. 2014

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“…The signal assigned to the methylene groups linked to NH 2 groups, whose position shifts from 2.65 ppm in APTDMS to 3.32 ppm in S3P7, confirms the chemical linkage between APTDMS and IPDI. 13 C NMR tests on PUSs (P7S3) were also carried out along with APTDMS and IPDI. All the spectra are displayed in Fig.…”

Section: H Nmr the 1 H Nmr Of Monomers (Aptdms Ipdi) Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Undoubtedly, polymeric spheres with micro-or macrosizes possess larger surface areas and are more flexible than bulk materials. 12 Silicone colloidal spheres have been used as catalysts, 13 biosensors, [14][15] chromatography, 16 drugs carriers, 17 and supports of vaccines, 18 enzymes, 19 antigens. 20 Furthermore, they display an irreplaceable role in a number of material areas as they are finely dispersed in polymer matrices to improve their mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of uniform poly(urea–siloxane) microspheres through precipitation polymerization

Kong

Feng

2015

RSC Adv.

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A novel type of highly uniform polymer microspheres, poly(urea-siloxane) (PUSs) was prepared through the precipitation polymerization of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (APTMDS) with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) in H2O-acetone mixed solvent. No additives such as surfactant and initiator were used. The effects of monomer ratios, H2O/acetone ratios, and monomer concentrations on the yields and morphologies of the PUSs were investigated. Results indicated that PUSs sizes can be regulated from 2.14 µm to 7.11 µm by varying monomer ratios, monomer concentrations and H2O/acetone ratios. Hydrogen bonds between polyurea units, polyurea and APTMDS moieties which were identified as the main effects of the products, endowed the materials with good elasticity. The structures and morphologies of the materials were characterized by FT-IR, NMR, and SEM, and the thermal properties were characterized by TGA and DSC analyses.

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“…It is well known that homogeneous catalysts have been successfully supported using various methods on many different types of carriers into olefin polymerization, [ 17 , 18 ] such as inorganic supports, [19][20][21] polymeric supports, [22][23][24] and nanostructured materials. [ 25 , 26 ] Among them, nanoparticle supports may offer more advantages over bulk supports, such as increased surface area, mass transfer, and better heat and decreased internal surface area, [ 27 , 28 ] which made it in the use of slurry reactors.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After fi ltration under nitrogen atmosphere, the fi ltrate was concentrated. The residual liquid of clear yellow was distilled to afford 22 pentane-2,4-dione groups was successfully grafted onto the silica.…”

Section: Synthesis Of 3-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] Pentane-24-dione)]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Nanosilica/Polynorbornene Nanocomposite by Covalently Immobilized Silica‐Supported Acetylacetonate Palladium(II) Dichloride Catalyst

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2011

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Covalently immobilized silica-supported acetylacetonate dichloride palladium(II) precatalyst is prepared by the reaction of silica particles grafted acetylacetonate ligand further exchange with [Et 4 N] 2 PdCl 4 . The silica-supported catalyst is used in slurry polymerizations of norbornene (NB) to afford a highly productive NB addition polymerization system in combination with B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 cocatalyst. It exhibits productivity of 84 kg of PNB (mol Pd) − 1 h − 1 at the initial activity, and the catalyst deactivation kinetics in the early stage of polymerization are fi tted well by the fi rst-order deactivation kinetics. The obtained vinyl-type polynorbornene is confi rmed to be nanosilica hybrid PNB nanocomposite by SEM, TEM with an energy dispersive spectrometer, TGA, and XRD. SiO2 OSiMe3 O OSiMe3 O Si OEt O O Pd Cl Cl

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Polymer support of “single-site” catalysts for heterogeneous olefin polymerization

Cited by 89 publications

References 128 publications

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

Preparation of uniform poly(urea–siloxane) microspheres through precipitation polymerization

Preparation of Nanosilica/Polynorbornene Nanocomposite by Covalently Immobilized Silica‐Supported Acetylacetonate Palladium(II) Dichloride Catalyst

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