Polymer Nanocomposites with Different Types of Nanofiller

Abstract

The development of polymer nanocomposites has been an area of high scientific and industrial interest in the recent years, due to several improvements achieved in these materials, as a result of the combination of a polymeric matrix and, usually, an inorganic nanomaterial. The improved performance of those materials can include mechanical strength, toughness and stiffness, electrical and thermal conductivity, superior flame retardancy and higher barrier to moisture and gases. Nanocomposites can also show unique design possibilities, which offer excellent advantages in creating functional materials with desired properties for specific applications. The possibility of using natural resources and the fact of being environmentally friendly have also offered new opportunities for applications. This chapter aims to review the main topics and recent progresses related to polymer nanocomposites, such as techniques of characterization, methods of production, structures, compatibilization and applications. First, the most important concepts about nanocomposites will be presented. Additionally, an approach on the different types of filler that can be used as reinforcement in polymeric matrices will be made. After that, sections about methods of production and structures of nanocomposites will be detailed. Finally, some properties and potential applications that have been achieved in polymer nanocomposites will be highlighted.

Melt- vs. Non-Melt Blending of Complexly Processable Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Cellulose Nanofiber Bionanocomposite

“…It can be suggested that better UHMWPE-CNF adhesion was achieved through melt blending as compared to ethanol mixing. This is supported by published report stating that infiltration of melt polymer with addition of shear force during melt blending could results in smaller filler agglomerates and better interaction [48]. The information on toughness could also be obtained from the area under the stressstrain curve in Figure 2.…”

Process Optimization of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Cellulose Nanofiber Bionanocomposites in Triple Screw Kneading Extruder by Response Surface Methodology

“…The rotational speed relates to the shear stress of polymer; increasing shear stress promotes polymer melt infiltration into filler agglomerates. This weakens agglomerates packing and structure, resulting in smaller agglomerates and better dispersion [ 52 ]. However, the effects of shear stress and melt infiltration on filler’s dispersion primarily depend on the melt viscosity of the polymer.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Electrically Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites with Different Carbon Nanoparticles

“…; in all cases, the aim is to generate three-dimensional networks interconnected to facilitate the passage of electrons or phonons, to generate an electro/thermo-conductive material. [21,22].…”