2020
DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2020.36
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Polymer nanocomposites: Why their mechanical performance does not justify the expectation and a possible solution to the problem?

Abstract: The expected order-of-magnitude enhancement in modulus (at loadings less than 1%) of polymer nanocomposites has proven elusive-the observed improvements are 10-35% only. The failure of the concept has been attributed to poor dispersion, poor interfacial load transfer, process-related deficiencies, and others. Due to the inherent property of the nano-size materials, their extremely high specific surface, they tend to agglomerate, and their further dispersion in the matrix component is practically impossible. Fo… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…The main differences between these two drawings lie in the temperature. The cold drawing happens slightly above the glass-transition temperature of the reinforcement and a highly oriented molecular fibrillar state may be achieved as the drawing goes via necking, [74,75] while the hot stretching goes directly from the melt. Hot drawing can also be called "melt stretching"; the molecular orientation, however, is typically much lower compared to the cold drawing techniq ue.…”
Section: Development Of Microfibrillar Composites' Structure During Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The main differences between these two drawings lie in the temperature. The cold drawing happens slightly above the glass-transition temperature of the reinforcement and a highly oriented molecular fibrillar state may be achieved as the drawing goes via necking, [74,75] while the hot stretching goes directly from the melt. Hot drawing can also be called "melt stretching"; the molecular orientation, however, is typically much lower compared to the cold drawing techniq ue.…”
Section: Development Of Microfibrillar Composites' Structure During Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hot drawing can also be called "melt stretching"; the molecular orientation, however, is typically much lower compared to the cold drawing techniq ue. [57,64,72,74,76,77] Both ratios may affect the aspect ratio of the fibrils, final morphology, and mechanical properties of the composite. The DR can be defined as the ratio of the areas (before and after the drawing), but it may also be calculated as the ratio of the velocity of the rollers.…”
Section: Development Of Microfibrillar Composites' Structure During Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Three different temperatures (24,34, and 42 C) were used in order to follow the influence of this parameter on particles size. The first two temperatures were chosen to be close to, but below the sol-gel transition temperature of gelatin which is 39-40 C. The last one was chosen to be above the sol-gel transition temperature.…”
Section: Temperaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The observed assembly in ribbons could be explained by the natural tendency of the nanosized particles (in this case capsules) to reduce their extremely large surface and the respective energy needed to maintain them stable in time. [24] The nanosize of GCs, obtained by sonochemical method, is quite unusual observation. So far, nanosize (400 ± 100 nm) was reported only for sonochemically prepared poly(glutamates) capsules, filled by vegetable oil.…”
Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonancementioning
confidence: 99%