Polymer nano-foams for insulating applications prepared from CO2 foaming

Forest, Charlene L.; Chaumont, Philippe; Cassagnau, Philippe; Swoboda, B.; Sonntag, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.07.001

Cited by 247 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…According to the interface nucleation theory (Forest et al 2015), the gas molecules prefer to be nucleated at the interface of solid phase and the melting phase, which indicates that the presence of solid particles in the polymeric foaming process can be favor to the heterogeneous nucleation and stable formation of microcellular gas pores. The average sizes and cell densities of the foamed materials were statistically measured by the image-pro 8.0 software, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different from the bulk polymer, the porous structure existing in the polymeric foams endows the special properties for the materials, which can be widely used in the insulation, absorbents, cushioning and packaging (Forest et al 2015). In order to develop the highvalue polymeric foams, the researchers attempted to combine the nanoparticles and foaming technology to produce the foamed composite materials with the expected lightweight, high strength and multifunctional properties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical reinforcement of cellulose nanocrystals on biodegradable microcellular foams with melt-compounding process

Lin

Chen

et al. 2015

Cellulose

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The polymeric foamed composites were developed from the biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) reinforced by the biomass-based cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) via the melt-compounding treatment. As the highly-crystalline and rigid nanoparticles, the presence of CNC in the polyester matrix can simultaneously enhance the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the foamed composites. With the addition of 5 wt% CNC, the flexural strength and modulus of the PBS foamed composite increased by 50 and 62.9 % in comparison with those of the neat foamed material. Furthermore, the introduction of the CNC significantly affected the cells morphology, structure and stability during the foaming process, which facilitated the increase of the cell density and the homogeneous cell size and distribution of the foamed composites. With the addition of 5 wt% azodicarbonamide as the chemical blowing agent and 5 wt% CNC as the bionanofillers, the foamed composite showed the increased cell density of 7.1 9 10 5 cell/ cm 3 , which was 69.1 % higher than that of the neat foamed material. The mechanical enhancement of the foamed composites was attributed to the nanoreinforcement of the CNC served as the stress transferring phase, and meanwhile the promising improvement on the cells structure and stability for the foamed composites was ascribed to the effect of the CNC acted as the nucleation component.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical reinforcement of cellulose nanocrystals on biodegradable microcellular foams with melt-compounding process

Lin

Chen

et al. 2015

Cellulose

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“…The expected reduction in the thermal conductivity of the gas phase has been widely studies from a theoretical point of view [98][99][100][101][102][103][104]. For instance, Hrubesh and Pekala [99] studied the reduction of the thermal conductivity of open-pore nanoporous organic and inorganic aerogels (pore size between 10 and 90 nm) through the analysis of the three main components of thermal conductivity (conduction in the solid and gas phases and radiation).…”

Section: Thermal Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diverse heat transfer mechanisms in a porous polystyrene with pore sizes both at the micrometer (pore size around 1 lm) and nanometer (two pore sizes used: 250 nm and 100 nm) scale were analyzed theoretically by Forest and coworkers [100]. They observed that, the lower the pore size, the lower the thermal conductivity because of the Knudsen effect.…”

Section: Thermal Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, it was impossible to assess whether considering the Knudsen effect will modify the results. Relationship between thermal conductivity divided by the relative density and the pore size for different nanoporous systems [99][100][101][102][103], together with the thermal conductivity of projected PU [111] and bulk Si and Ge [112].…”

Section: Thermal Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoporous polymeric materials: A new class of materials with enhanced properties

Notario

Pinto

Rodríguez‐Pérez

2016

Progress in Materials Science

171

125

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a b s t r a c tNanoporous polymeric materials are porous materials with pore sizes in the nanometer range (i.e., below 200 nm), processed as bulk or film materials, and from a wide set of polymers. Over the last several years, research and development on these novel materials have progressed significantly, because it is believed that the reduction of the pore size to the nanometer range could strongly influence some of the properties of porous polymers, providing unexpected and improved properties compared to conventional porous and microporous polymers and non-porous solids.In this review, the key properties of these nanoporous polymeric materials (mechanical, thermal, dielectric, optical, filtration, sensing, etc.) are analyzed. The experimental and theoretical results obtained up to date related to the structure-property relations are presented. In several sections, in order to present a more compressive approach, the trends obtained for nanoporous polymers are compared to those for metallic and ceramic nanoporous systems. Moreover, some specific characteristics of these materials, such as the consequences of the confinement of both gas and solid phases, are described. Likewise, the main production methods are briefly described. Finally, some of the potential applications of these materials are also discussed in this paper.

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Polymer‐Based Nano‐Composites for Thermal Insulation

Fraleoni‐Morgera

Chhikara

2019

Adv Eng Mater

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The growing need for efficient energy use prompts for effective thermally insulating materials. Nano‐composites represent an important class of materials able to fulfill these needs, enabling both sizeable energy savings and specific applications where thermal insulation has to be coupled to mechanical robustness and lightness, like in automotive and aerospace applications. In view of these developments, this review summarizes the topic of polymer‐based nano‐composites for thermal insulation. The theme is introduced overviewing the features of the matrix‐filler interfaces and of the available models of thermal conductivity, with a mention of the most used types of polymeric matrices. The main three different types of polymer‐based nano‐composites for thermal insulation, that is, polymeric nano‐foams, syntactic foams and all‐solid nano‐composites, are then reviewed. For each class of material, the thermal insulation performance of selected examples is highlighted, with explicit reference to the material's structure and constitutional peculiarities (like type or size of the filler, specific filler surface functionalizations, etc). A resuming table reporting the thermal insulation performance of selected composites is also included in the review. Finally, an outlook on the possible developments in the field is given.

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Polymer nano-foams for insulating applications prepared from CO2 foaming

Cited by 247 publications

References 128 publications

Mechanical reinforcement of cellulose nanocrystals on biodegradable microcellular foams with melt-compounding process

Mechanical reinforcement of cellulose nanocrystals on biodegradable microcellular foams with melt-compounding process

Nanoporous polymeric materials: A new class of materials with enhanced properties

Polymer‐Based Nano‐Composites for Thermal Insulation

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