Polymer modification of bitumen: Advances and challenges

Zhu, Jiqing; Birgisson, Björn; Kringos, Nicole

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.02.005

Cited by 718 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…As an important material for road construction and maintenance, polymer modified bitumen (PMB) and its storage stability have been studied for decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], but the problem of PMB storage instability has still not been resolved for all cases [9]. With an improper selection of raw materials or production process, the polymer may separate from the bitumen during the PMB storage and transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Zhu

Balieu

et al. 2016

Materials & Design

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In this paper, a phase-field model with viscoelastic effects is developed for polymer modified bitumen (PMB) with the aim to describe and predict the PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour. The viscoelastic effects due to dynamic asymmetry between bitumen and polymer are represented in the model by introducing a composition-dependent mobility coefficient. A double-well potential for PMB system is proposed on the basis of the Flory-Huggins free energy of mixing, with some simplifying assumptions made to take into account the complex chemical composition of bitumen. The model has been implemented in a finite element software package for pseudo-binary PMBs and calibrated with experimental observations of three different PMBs. Parametric studies have been conducted. Simulation results indicate that all the investigated model parameters, including the mobility and gradient energy coefficients, interaction and dilution parameters, have specific effects on the phase separation process of an unstable PMB. In addition to the unstable cases, the model can also describe and predict stable PMBs. Moreover, the phase inversion phenomenon with increasing polymer content in PMBs is also well reproduced by the model. This model can be the foundation of an applicable numerical tool for prediction of PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Zhu

Balieu

et al. 2016

Materials & Design

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“…Існує безліч модифікацій бітумної емульсії, основ-ні з яких представлені в роботах [8][9]. Перевагами бітумної емульсії є утворення тонкої плівки, яка пе-решкоджає здуванню пилу з відвалу кар'єру протягом 10-12 місяців та її дешевизна (в 1,5 рази) в порівнянні з закріпленням полімерами [10].…”

Section: аналіз літературних даних та постановка проблемиunclassified

Comparative analysis of methods to minimize dust from granite mine dumps

Tverda¹,

Tkachuk²,

Davydenko³

2016

EEJET

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“…Polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) has been widely used in road construction and maintenance in many countries. But some fundamental aspects related to the polymer modification of paving bitumen are still not fully understood today (1,2), which may limit the sustainable application of PMB. One of the identified common issues for PMB is the potential storage instability problem (3)(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Prediction of Storage Stability of Polymer-Modified Bitumen: A Coupled Model of Gravity-Driven Flow and Diffusion

Zhu

Balieu

et al. 2017

Transportation Research Record

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Aiming to predict the storage stability of polymer-modified bitumen (PMB), a coupled diffusion-flow model by phase-field method is proposed in this paper. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are coupled with a previously developed phase-field model for PMB phase separation. The coupled model has been implemented in a finite element software package with experimentally calibrated parameters and reported data in the literature. Effects of the affecting parameters (bitumen density and dynamic viscosity) on the gravity-driven flow and phase separation in PMB are evaluated at 180 °C with the simulation results. The results indicate that the coupled diffusion-flow model is capable of predicting storage stability (and instability) of PMBs. A good correlation between the simulation results and the previously reported experimental results (storage stability tube test) has been observed. The different gravity-driven phase separation behaviours of PMBs may result from the different composition of the equilibrium phases in the PMBs as well as the different densities and dynamic viscosities of the individual components (polymer and bitumen). A bigger polymerbitumen density difference and/or a lower bitumen dynamic viscosity cause a faster flow and separation in the PMB at storage temperature. The investigated variation of bitumen dynamic viscosity has a more significant influence than the investigated variation of bitumen density in this paper, but this might depend on the specific values of the model parameters. With this study as a foundation, further experimental and numerical studies will be conducted towards storage-stable PMB binders and a more efficient test method for determining PMB storage stability. KEYWORDS:Polymer-modified bitumen; Storage stability; Phase separation; Phase-field modelling; Navier-Stokes equations Zhu, Balieu, Lu and Kringos 3 INTRODUCTION Polymer modification is an effective way to improve the properties of paving bitumen to some extent. Polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) has been widely used in road construction and maintenance in many countries. But some fundamental aspects related to the polymer modification of paving bitumen are still not fully understood today (1, 2), which may limit the sustainable application of PMB. One of the identified common issues for PMB is the potential storage instability problem (3-7). With a poor compatibility and big density difference between the polymer modifier and bitumen, the PMB may show instability during the storage and transport, i.e. the separation of the polymer-rich phase from the bitumen-rich phase.This phase separation process is controlled by many factors. Diffusion and flow may be the main mass transfer modes in this process (8). Some previous studies (9-12) have indicated that the influence of gravity due to the polymer-bitumen density difference is one of the causes for PMB phase separation in the vertical direction. However, the gravity effect might not be the direct cause for the separation but could just accelerate the possible ...

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Polymer modification of bitumen: Advances and challenges

Cited by 718 publications

References 159 publications

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Comparative analysis of methods to minimize dust from granite mine dumps

Numerical Prediction of Storage Stability of Polymer-Modified Bitumen: A Coupled Model of Gravity-Driven Flow and Diffusion

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