Polymer micro-ring filters and modulators

Rabiei, Payam; Steier, William H.; Zhang, Cheng; Dalton, Larry R.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2002.803058

Cited by 512 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…From our measurements, we estimate intrinsic Q-factors to be Q i,TE B302,000 and Q i,TM B226,000. From measured Q-factors, an upper limit on the diamond waveguide transmission loss (a) is estimated to be B1.5 dB cm À 1 for both guided modes via the relationship 25 : a % 2pn g Q i l = , where n g is the mode group index and l is the resonant wavelength. While this loss value is roughly five times greater than that recently reported for single-crystal diamond waveguides fabricated via the membrane-thinning approach 18 , it is also an order of magnitude smaller than losses of polycrystalline diamond ring resonators 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High quality-factor optical nanocavities in bulk single-crystal diamond

et al. 2014

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Single-crystal diamond, with its unique optical, mechanical and thermal properties, has emerged as a promising material with applications in classical and quantum optics. However, the lack of heteroepitaxial growth and scalable fabrication techniques remains the major limiting factors preventing more wide-spread development and application of diamond photonics. In this work, we overcome this difficulty by adapting angled-etching techniques, previously developed for realization of diamond nanomechanical resonators, to fabricate racetrack resonators and photonic crystal cavities in bulk single-crystal diamond. Our devices feature large optical quality factors, in excess of 10 5 , and operate over a wide wavelength range, spanning visible and telecom. These newly developed high-Q diamond optical nanocavities open the door for a wealth of applications, ranging from nonlinear optics and chemical sensing, to quantum information processing and cavity optomechanics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High quality-factor optical nanocavities in bulk single-crystal diamond

et al. 2014

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“…Because this is a resonant cavity device, the photon residence time may affect the switching speed unlike a traveling wave device, such as an MZ modulator. For the proposed design, we estimate the lifetime of photons in the resonant cavity to be less than 0.8 ps [7]. Thus, the electrodes are expected to be the limiting factor in determining the switching speed of the device.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It required an applied voltage of 3.7 V to achieve a modulation depth of 53%. A microring resonant device fabricated with the CLD/APC polymer had a ring radius of 750 µm, and the voltage necessary to shift the resonant peak by the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) was 16 V [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a Compact Modulator Incorporating a Hybrid Silicon/Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide

McLauchlan

Dunham

2006

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-The design and simulation of a novel resonant cavity optical modulator is presented in this paper. The device incorporates a hybrid silicon/electro-optic (EO) polymer slot waveguide in the cavity region with distributed Bragg reflectors in single-mode silicon waveguide regions at each end of the cavity to create a modulator with a large modulation depth, short device length, and a low drive voltage for use in future high-speed integrated optics applications. Full three-dimensional simulations of this device structure are computationally very expensive; therefore, the periodicity of the device has been exploited to allow for a cascade matrix approach to be employed to reduce the time and computational resources necessary for accurate simulation of light propagation during the optimization phase of the device design.

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“…2 They are highly attractive for fundamental physics studies like cavity quantum electrodynamics, 3 as well as for applications like single photon sources, 4 optical sensing 5 or communication technology. 6,7 A key feature of WGM microcavities is the occurrence of ultra-narrow optical resonances and the functionality of the cavity often relies on the shift of the resonance frequency. This is the case, e.g., for optical sensors where the modal shift indicates the presence of attached bio-molecules or a change in the composition of the surrounding medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically controlled elastic microcavities

et al. 2015

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Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators made from dielectrics like glass or polymers have outstanding optical properties like huge cavity quality (Q) factors which can be achieved on scales compatible with on-chip integration. However, tunability of these resonances is typically difficult to achieve or not suitable for robust device applications. We report here on the fabrication of polymeric micro-goblet WGM resonators with an optically controlled and stable reversible tunability over a large spectral range. This tunability is achieved by integration of photo-responsive liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) into micro-goblet cavities. The optical response of the elastomer allows reshaping the goblet by employing low pump power, leading to a fully reversible tuning of the modes. The structure can be realistically implemented in on-chip devices, combining the ultra-high Q factors, typical of WGM resonators, with reliable, optical tunability. This result serves as an example of how light can control light, by invoking a physical reshaping of the structure. This way of optical tuning creates interesting possibilities for all-optical control in circuits, enabling interaction between signal and control beams and the realization of self-tuning cavities. Keywords: liquid crystal elastomers; polymeric cavities; tunable micro-resonators; whispering gallery modes INTRODUCTION Solid-state optical microcavities are versatile photonic devices which come in a large variety of appearances. 1 Of particular interest are whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators which feature small modal volume and large quality (Q) factors. 2 They are highly attractive for fundamental physics studies like cavity quantum electrodynamics, 3 as well as for applications like single photon sources, 4 optical sensing 5 or communication technology. 6,7 A key feature of WGM microcavities is the occurrence of ultra-narrow optical resonances and the functionality of the cavity often relies on the shift of the resonance frequency. This is the case, e.g., for optical sensors where the modal shift indicates the presence of attached bio-molecules or a change in the composition of the surrounding medium. 5 Essential features of such resonators are thus a large free spectral range and a narrow linewidth of the resonances but for many applications additionally an active manipulation of the cavity resonances is required. Examples are the tuning of the cavity into resonance with a quantum emitter 8,9 or utilization of the cavity in optical filters and light modulators. 10 In the last decade, a new class of WGM resonators has emerged featuring ultra-high Q factors. These resonators have spherical, cylindrical, toroidal, disk or goblet shapes 1,9,11 and are made of silica, polymers or liquids. Besides their excellent sensing capabilities they can also be turned into micro-lasers when incorporating laser dyes 12 or quantum dots 13 or be coupled to form photonic molecules. 14 But an obstacle effectively hindering some applications of these cavities is the limited tunab...

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Polymer micro-ring filters and modulators

Cited by 512 publications

References 21 publications

High quality-factor optical nanocavities in bulk single-crystal diamond

High quality-factor optical nanocavities in bulk single-crystal diamond

Analysis of a Compact Modulator Incorporating a Hybrid Silicon/Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide

Optically controlled elastic microcavities

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