Polymer micro and nanocomposites: Structure, interactions, properties

Móczó, János; Pukánszky, Béla

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2008.06.011

Cited by 270 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 205 publications

(306 reference statements)

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“…Wood particles are large, usually several 100 m in size that facilitates debonding, the separation of the matrix/filler interface already at small stresses [32,33]. A functionalized polymer coupling agent is needed practically always in order to 4 achieve reasonable properties in PP.…”

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confidence: 99%

Wood fiber reinforced multicomponent, multiphase PP composites: Structure, properties, failure mechanism

Sudár¹,

Burgstaller²,

Renner³

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

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Polypropylene (PP) was reinforced with wood flour and impact modified with elastomers to increase stiffness and impact resistance simultaneously. Elastomer was added in 0, 5, 10 and 20 wt%, while wood content changed from 0 to 60 wt% in 10 wt% steps. Structure and adhesion were controlled by the addition of functionalized (maleated) polymers. Composites were homogenized in a twin-screw extruder and then injection molded to tensile bars. The results showed that composite structure is determined by the relative strength of adhesion and shear forces prevailing during processing. Structure can be controlled by the application of functional polymers within limits. Although embedding is favored by thermodynamics and further promoted by coupling, de-encapsulation occurs at the large shear stresses of injection molding even in the presence of a functionalized elastomer. Composite properties depend on composition, increasing elastomer content results in decreasing stiffness and strength. Model calculations showed that the elastomer does not contribute to load bearing, average stress in the matrix increases with increasing elastomer content. Local stresses and adhesion define the initiation of deformation processes around wood particles, which start at the same stress irrespectively of elastomer content. Local processes determine the mechanism of failure and composite strength independently of their mechanism.

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confidence: 99%

Wood fiber reinforced multicomponent, multiphase PP composites: Structure, properties, failure mechanism

Sudár¹,

Burgstaller²,

Renner³

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

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“…However, wood flour differs considerably from traditional reinforcements. Wood particles are large, usually several 100 µm in size, which facilitates debonding, the separation of the matrix/filler interface already at small stresses [27][28][29]. A functionalized polymer coupling agent is needed practically always in order to achieve reasonable properties, at least in polyolefin composites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tensile and impact properties of three-component PP/wood/elastomer composites

Keledi

Sudár

Burgstaller³

et al. 2012

Express Polym. Lett.

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Polypropylene (PP) was reinforced with wood flour and impact modified with elastomers to increase stiffness and impact resistance simultaneously. Elastomer content changed in four (0, 5, 10 and 20 wt%), while that of wood content in seven steps, the latter from 0 to 60 wt% in 10 wt% steps. Structure and adhesion were controlled by the addition of functionalized (maleated) polymers. Composites were homogenized in a twin-screw extruder and then injection molded to tensile bars. Fracture resistance was characterized by standard and instrumented impact tests. The results showed that the components are dispersed independently of each other even when a functionalized elastomer is used for impact modification, at least under the conditions of this study. Impact resistance does not change much as a function of wood content in PP/wood composites, but decreases drastically from the very high level of the PP/elastomer blend to almost the same value obtained without impact modifier in the three-component materials. Increasing stiffness and fiber related local deformation processes led to small fracture toughness at large wood content. Micromechanical deformation processes depend mainly on the strength of PP/wood interaction; debonding and pull-out take place at poor adhesion, while fiber fracture dominates when adhesion is strong. Composites with sufficiently large impact resistance cannot be prepared in the usual range of wood contents (50–60 wt%)

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“…Hydrophilicity represents a characteristic of the filler surface induced by the hydroxyl group for being able to interact with one another forming inter -and intra molecular hydrogen bonds. It is necessary to increase the compatibility between the hydrophilic fibre fillers and the hydrophobic Polymer matrix; hence the need for fibre modification [7,8].…”

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confidence: 99%