Polymer membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration: Recent progress, challenges and perspectives

Green Preparation and Porous Structure Construction of Polyphenylene Sulfide Hollow Fiber Membrane via Melt-Spinning and Hot-Stretching Method

“…Thus, the permeability and selectivity of the membrane were affected. 50 As shown in Figure 9i, we found that the breaking strength and elongation at break decreased as the concentration of the porogenic agent increased. As the amount of porogenic agent increased, the porosity increased and the defects inside and outside the membrane became more and more, so the mechanical properties of the membranes decreased.…”

“…The solvent molecules diffuse into the polymer much faster, causing the polymer to swell. Thus, the permeability and selectivity of the membrane were affected …”

Methanol recovery: potential of nanolaminate organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membranes

“…Other challenges that polymeric OSN membranes face are physical aging caused by prolonged membrane lifespan, and membrane compaction under elevated operating pressure. 59 As a result, a dramatic loss in solvent separation performance of polymeric OSN membranes is observed. For instance, Kappert et al 60 examined the swelling behavior of nine polymeric OSN membranes and reported how the swelling changes over a short-term period (0-8 hours) when exposed to 10 common solvents and evaluated the stability over a long-term period (up to 2 months) using spectroscopic ellipsometry.…”

“…60 To offer a solution for the swelling of polymeric OSN membranes, common methods including crosslinking, surface modification, and the incorporation of nanofillers are identified. 59 In contrast, 2D or 3D nanomaterial-based membranes are generally recognized as more resistant to solvents compared to polymers. Short-term performance tests have shown that many 2D laminated membranes maintain their stability for up to 80 hours, with no significant loss in solvent permeance or solute rejection performance (see example in Fig.…”

Removal of dyes using polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs): a recent approach

“…43 Nanofiltration membranes are usually prepared by coating ultrathin layers (selective layers) of microporous materials on porous supports (substrate layers). 63,64 The substrate layers are robust to harsh conditions, can withstand high pressure (5-60 bar) and provide mechanical strength to the membranes. Different polymers, nanofibers and inorganic materials are used in the support layers.…”