Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites with 1D Ceramic Nanofillers for Energy Storage Capacitor Applications

Abstract

Recent developments in various technologies, such as hybrid electric vehicles and pulsed power systems, have challenged researchers to discover affordable, compact, and super-functioning electric energy storage devices. Among the existing energy storage devices, polymer nanocomposite film capacitors are a preferred choice due to their high power density, fast charge and discharge speed, high operation voltage, and long service lifetime. In the past several years, they have been extensively researched worldwide, with 0D, 1D, and 2D nanofillers being incorporated into various polymer matrixes. However, 1D nanofillers appeared to be the most effective in producing large dipole moments, which leads to a considerably enhanced dielectric permittivity and energy density of the nanocomposite. As such, this Review focuses on recent advances in polymer matrix nanocomposites using various types of 1D nanofillers, i.e., linear, ferroelectric, paraelectric, and relaxor−ferroelectric for energy storage applications. Correspondingly, the latest developments in the nanocomposite dielectrics with highly oriented, surface-coated, and surface-decorated 1D nanofillers are presented. Special attention has been paid to identifying the underlying mechanisms of maximizing dielectric displacement, increasing dielectric breakdown strength, and enhancing the energy density. This Review also presents some suggestions for future research in low-loss, high energy storage devices.

Improved Energy Storage Performance of All-Organic Composite Dielectric via Constructing Sandwich Structure

“…Therefore, this work focuses on the energy storage density of sandwich-structure composite dielectric when the energy storage efficiency is 90%, which is shown in Figure 6 b. As can be seen from Figure 6 b, when the energy storage efficiency of the 1-9 sandwich-structure composite dielectric is 90%, the energy storage density reaches 2.569 J/cm 3 , which is higher than BOPP (2 J/cm 3 ) [ 53 , 54 , 55 ]. The energy storage density under high energy storage efficiency (90%) of similar work is summarized and compared in Table 2 [ 13 , 18 , 37 , 49 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous BaTiO3 framework-reinforced polymer composites with improved dielectric properties

“…Given that the high dielectric constant of zero-dimensional (0D) nanofiller/polymer composites is usually obtained at high filler contents, its considerable enhancement is usually achieved at the expense of increased dielectric loss and deteriorated mechanical properties. As an alternative solution, anisotropic nanofillers are introduced into polymer dielectric composites [25][26][27][28]. Owing to the large susceptibility along the longitudinal direction of onedimensional nanofillers and in-plane directions of twodimensional nanofillers, anisotropic nanofillers are capable of inducing substantially higher dielectric constants at the same filler content than their 0D counterparts [29,30].…”

Research Progress of All Organic Polymer Dielectrics for Energy Storage from the Classification of Organic Structures

“…E b is the electric field at which a rapid reduction in the resistance of an electrical insulator is observed when that field is applied to the dielectric materials. [ 37–39 ] The E b of the dielectrics in capacitors depends on the band gap of the material. [ 35 ] In recent work, a model for estimating the upper limit of materials breakdown strength was developed.…”