Polymer matrix composites in 3D printing: A state of art review

Singh, Balwant; Kumar, Raman; Chohan, Jasgurpreet Singh

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.335

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…While reinforcing helps enhance the performance of polymer composites, most printed composites still have limited mechanical strength and are unable to satisfy functional requirements. To improve the performance of printed components, further post-processes, including infiltration or consolidation, have been applied [ 28 ]. However, some other studies [ 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 ] evaluated additive manufacturing of polymer matrix composites for drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because of the complicated consolidation behavior and molecular diffusion process involved in sintering, the materials employed in the SLS process are restricted. PCL and PA are now the most extensively utilized laser sintering materials [ 28 ]. Additional advancements for 3D printers include increasing printing resolution without increasing printing time or reducing the complexity of the geometry of objects [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an SLA process, a UV laser is directed in an intended path into the resin reservoir, where the photocurable resin polymerizes, forming a two-dimensional (2D) patterned layer. After curing each layer, the platform is lowered, exposing another uncured resin layer ready for patterning [ 14 , 28 ]. In Figure 5 , the resin components of SLA are depicted [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Brief Review on Additive Manufacturing of Polymeric Composites and Nanocomposites

et al. 2021

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In this research article, a mini-review study is performed on the additive manufacturing (AM) of the polymeric matrix composites (PMCs) and nanocomposites. In this regard, some methods for manufacturing and important and applied results are briefly introduced and presented. AM of polymeric matrix composites and nanocomposites has attracted great attention and is emerging as it can make extensively customized parts with appreciably modified and improved mechanical properties compared to the unreinforced polymer materials. However, some matters must be addressed containing reduced bonding of reinforcement and matrix, the slip between reinforcement and matrix, lower creep strength, void configurations, high-speed crack propagation, obstruction because of filler inclusion, enhanced curing time, simulation and modeling, and the cost of manufacturing. In this review, some selected and significant results regarding AM or three-dimensional (3D) printing of polymeric matrix composites and nanocomposites are summarized and discuss. In addition, this article discusses the difficulties in preparing composite feedstock filaments and printing issues with nanocomposites and short and continuous fiber composites. It is discussed how to print various thermoplastic composites ranging from amorphous to crystalline polymers. In addition, the analytical and numerical models used for simulating AM, including the Fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing process and estimating the mechanical properties of printed parts, are explained in detail. Particle, fiber, and nanomaterial-reinforced polymer composites are highlighted for their performance. Finally, key limitations are identified in order to stimulate further 3D printing research in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Brief Review on Additive Manufacturing of Polymeric Composites and Nanocomposites

et al. 2021

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“…As a common concept of all AM methods (Figure 1), the FDM printed part is in the first step prepared as a 3D model using CAD modelling software, such as Auto Cad Solidworks, Catia, Creo etc. Most of the FDM printing setups use the 3D model in .STL file format where a slicing software converts it into the appropriate file type and parameters (G-code), by which the tool path plan is generated to control the machine hardware (Singh, Kumar, & Singh Chohan, 2020;Valino et al, 2019;Zou et al, 2016). The printed part volume results from the up-or-down movements of a nozzle of an extruder head or a printing plate (Figure 2).…”

Section: Fdm Using Three-axis Cartesian Coordinate Machinementioning

confidence: 99%

From Gantry-Based Machine to Robot-Based Fused Deposition Modelling: A State-of-the-Art

Habibi¹,

Ziadia²

2021

Preprint

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Over the last decade, a significant literature has emerged that advocates the potential of different Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and printable polymeric materials. Nevertheless, large scale printing and complex geometric shapes, with curvatures and non-planar layer deposition, are a challenging process for the traditional gantry-based machine. The 3 degrees of freedom cartesian configuration restricted their capability to planar layered printing and restricted part dimensions. To date, many researchers have used industrial robots to overcomes this limitation. This review gives the reader a good overview of the FDM technique due to its scalability, cost efficiency and a wide range of material printability. A strong emphasis is laid on the PLA and PLA-based composites as promising materials for the FDM process applications. The second part of this paper links the successful use of these materials in the traditional printing process to large scale printing using the robot-based FDM process. This survey presents representative setups for robot-based AM and works that have been used these setups for non-planar material deposition. Finally, we conclude this paper by identifying opportunities for realizing new functional capabilities by exploiting robot-based AM, and we also present the future trends in this area.

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“…In Justo et al (2018), the high porosity in 3D printed long fibre reinforced composites showed a decreasing of obtained mechanical properties. A wide range of virgin thermoplastic polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) an be used as raw materials in FDM printing (Singh et al, 2020). The effects of the reinforcements were also remarked in (Ferreira et al, 2017) where PLA was reinforced with short carbon fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Comparison for Compression of PLA Specimens Printed in In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Directions

Brischetto¹,

Torre²

2020

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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The present work proposes an experimental comparison between the in-plane and out-of-plane compressive behaviors of 3D printed PolyLactic Acid (PLA) specimens. These specimens are produced via the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique by using two different printing directions: the first printing direction in the xz plane allows experimental compression tests in the out-of-plane direction; the second printing direction in the xy plane allows experimental compression tests in the in-plane direction. The specimens are more rigid in the out-of-plane direction than in the in-plane direction. In the first case, a bigger linear compressive Young modulus has been found and both maximum stress and proportional limit stress were determined. In the second case, the linear compressive Young modulus is smaller and the specimens are less rigid but at the same time more resistant: in fact, no maximum stress and proportional limit stress have been obtained because the test machine has reached the maximum applicable load. This research demonstrates as the compressive behavior of 3D FDM printed polymeric elements depends on the printing and test directions and this feature is fundamental when such elements will be used for structural applications. The experimental tests performed in the present paper are accompanied by statistical and capability analyses for the dimensional parameters and for the mechanical properties in order to also evaluate the stability of the production process and the validity ranges for the mechanical characteristics.

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Polymer matrix composites in 3D printing: A state of art review

Cited by 43 publications

References 42 publications

A Brief Review on Additive Manufacturing of Polymeric Composites and Nanocomposites

A Brief Review on Additive Manufacturing of Polymeric Composites and Nanocomposites

From Gantry-Based Machine to Robot-Based Fused Deposition Modelling: A State-of-the-Art

An Experimental Comparison for Compression of PLA Specimens Printed in In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Directions

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