Polymer Flooding

Sheng, James J.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-85617-745-0.00005-x

Cited by 46 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Figure 4 depicts the chemical structure of xanthan gum displaying the presence of carbohydrates: glucose, mannose and glucuronic units. The biopolymer is characterized with rigid polysaccharide chains which make it resistant to degradation in the presence of salinity, temperature and shear forces [54]. The polymer is also regarded as a polyelectrolyte due to the presence of charged moieties (i.e., acetate and pyruvate groups) on the side chain of the biopolymer.…”

Section: Types Of Eor Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, significant interactions such as electrostatic interactions and London dispersion forces occur between the transported polymer molecules and rock surface in the reservoir [5]. These causes retention of polymer molecules and results to the formation of a bank of injection fluid wholly or partially [54] denuded of polymer depending on the degree of retention of the transported polymer molecules. Hence, the final viscosity of the injectant in the reservoir is lower than the target viscosity required, thus, resulting in a reduction of the effectiveness and efficiency of the polymer flood [56].…”

Section: Challenges Of Polymer Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of chemical enhanced oil recovery: recent advances and prospects

et al. 2019

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Despite the progress made on renewable energy, oil and gas remains the world's primary energy source. Meanwhile, large amounts of oil deposits remain unrecovered after application of traditional oil recovery methods. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been adjudged as an efficient oil recovery technique to recover bypassed oil and residual oil trapped in the reservoir. This EOR method relies on the injection of chemicals to boost oil recovery. In this overview, an up-to-date synopsis of chemical EOR with detailed explanation of the chemicals used, and the mechanism governing their oil recovery application have been discussed. Challenges encountered in the application of the various conventional chemical EOR methods were highlighted, and solutions to overcome the challenges were proffered. Besides, the recent trend of incorporating nanotechnology and their synergistic effects on conventional chemicals stability and efficiency for EOR were also explored and analysed. Finally, laboratory results and field projects were outlined. The review of experimental studies shows that porescale mechanisms of conventional chemical EOR is enhanced by incorporating nanotechnology, hence, resulted in higher efficiency. Moreover, the use of ionic liquid chemicals and novel alkaline-cosolvent-polymer technology shows good potentials. This overview presents an extensive information about chemical EOR applications for sustainable energy production.

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Section: Types Of Eor Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges Of Polymer Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of chemical enhanced oil recovery: recent advances and prospects

et al. 2019

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“…Since biocides are required to avoid the biological degeneration of the biopolymers, the process is quite expensive and economically unfeasible. When considering this, HPAM is the most widely used polymer for mobility control [7,31]. The backbone of HPAM consists of monomer units of acrylamide and acrylic acids.…”

Section: Polymeric Solutions Restrictions As Ceor Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In aqueous solutions with low salinity, such as deionized water, the charge repulsion of the carboxylic groups on the HPAM backbone elongates the chain structure, which results in a highly viscous HPAM solution. However, the carboxylic group's charges are neutralized or shielded by salt ions of high-salinity brine solutions and, in turn, the HPAM chains lose their stretched states and the viscosity of solution decreases [31].…”

Section: Polymeric Solutions Restrictions As Ceor Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wormlike Micellar Solutions, Beyond the Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Restrictions

Nodoushan

Lee

et al. 2019

Fluids

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While traditional oil recovery methods are limited in terms of meeting the overall oil demands, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are being continually developed to provide a principal portion of our energy demands. Chemical EOR (cEOR) is one of the EOR techniques that shows an efficient oil recovery factor in a number of oilfields with low salinity and temperature ranges. However, the application of cEOR under the harsh conditions of reservoirs where most of today’s crude oils come from remains a challenge. High temperatures, the presence of ions, divalent ions, and heterogeneous rock structures in such reservoirs restrict the application of cEOR. Polymer solutions, surfactants, alkaline-based solutions, and complex multi-components of them are common chemical displacing fluids that failed to show successful recovery results in hostile conditions for various reasons. Wormlike micellar solutions (WMS) are viscoelastic surfactants that possess advantageous characteristics for overcoming current cEOR challenges. In this study, we first review the major approaches and challenges of commonly used chemical agents for cEOR applications. Subsequently, we review special characteristics of WMS that make them promising materials for the future of cEOR.

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“…Enhanced Oil Recovery method like polymer injection. This technique represents an improvement when compared to conventional water injection because the viscosity of the displacing fluid is increased in order to decrease the oil mobility ratio in the reservoir [1,3,6,7,12,16,[33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer adsorption isotherms with NaCl and CaCl2 on kaolinite substrates

Vertel

Vargas

Díaz

et al. 2019

DYNA

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During polymer – flooding, polymer’s molecules are attached to the surface of the rock as a result of many interactions between both components, leading to a decrease on the injected slug’s concentration. This phenomenon, known as adsorption, depends on rock type, degree of hydrolysis and polymer concentration, reservoir’s temperature, water salinity, among others, and might be predicted by analytical models. This work shows the results of a series of static tests in which water’s salinity (NaCl and CaCl2) and polymer’s concentration were varied, to determine which of the analytical models can predict in a better way the experimental data when kaolinite substrates are used. It is discussed the abnormal trend of the adsorption, where higher NaCl concentrations resulted in lower adsorption results, basically because of a flocculation.

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Polymer Flooding

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

An overview of chemical enhanced oil recovery: recent advances and prospects

An overview of chemical enhanced oil recovery: recent advances and prospects

Wormlike Micellar Solutions, Beyond the Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Restrictions

Polymer adsorption isotherms with NaCl and CaCl2 on kaolinite substrates

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