Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications

Shi, Xinyi; Esan, Oladapo Christopher; Huo, Xiaoyu; Ma, Yining; Pan, Zhefei; An, Liang; Zhao, Tianshou

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2021.100926

Cited by 85 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 383 publications

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“…VRFBs assembled with PAES-8mPip-0.25 showed high CE and EE at all current densities (CE = 94.78%, EE = 85.44%), which are higher than that of the VRFB by the Nafion 212 membrane (CE = 94.19%, EE = 83.90%) due to the "trade-off" balance effect of ionic conductivity and vanadium transmittance. 1 H NMR analysis showed that PAES-8mPip-x had good in situ oxidation stability, and their chemical structure did not change significantly after 200 times of operation in VRFB. In the ex situ accelerated oxidation condition, although the polymer backbone of PAES-8mPip-x was degraded to a certain extent after durability test in 1.5 mol L −1 VO 2 + /3 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 at 40 °C for 30 days, the piperidinium groups did not undergo significant chemical degradation.…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the rapid increase of world energy demand, renewable new energy and its associated energy storage devices have attracted more attention. − The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is considered to be one of the most potential energy storage batteries due to its high safety, flexible structural design, high efficiency, and environmental protection. It has been selected for large fixed power plants to supply electricity to cities or remote areas where power is interrupted or shorted. − The ion exchange membrane is the core component of VRFBs, which plays a key role in conducting nonreactive charge carrier ions and preventing the cross of positive and negative electrolytes during battery charging and discharging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency and Oxidation Performance of Densely Flexible Side-Chain Piperidinium-Functionalized Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Tao

Wang

Cai

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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In order to improve the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), a series of anion exchange membranes (PAES-8mPip-x) containing multiple flexible side-chain piperidinium structures were selected for use as ionic membranes for VRFBs. The relationship between their battery performance and chemical structure was systematically investigated, and their oxidation stability and degradation mechanism in strong oxidizing solution were studied in detail. These membranes exhibited high SO4 2– conductivity as well as low area specific resistance due to the incorporation of densely flexible side-chain piperidinium. Their SO4 2– conductivity and area-specific resistance are in the range of 9.6–18.1 mS cm–1 and 0.19–0.34 Ω cm2 at 20 °C, respectively. The single battery assembled with the representative PAES-8mPip-0.25 displayed high efficiencies, and its coulombic efficiency, voltage efficiency, and energy efficiency were 94.78, 90.15, and 85.44% at a current density of 60 mA cm–2, respectively, which were higher than those of Nafion 212 (94.19, 89.08, and 83.90%) at the same testing condition. What is more, it was found that these AEMs had good stability in strong oxidizing solution. Although their polymer backbone was degraded to a certain extent in 1.5 mol L–1 VO2 +/3 mol L–1 H2SO4 at 40 °C, the flexible piperidinium in side chains did not undergo significant chemical degradation. Related research results provide a scientific basis for the design of high-performance anion membrane materials for VRFBs.

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Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency and Oxidation Performance of Densely Flexible Side-Chain Piperidinium-Functionalized Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Tao

Wang

Cai

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[ 8 ] Among them, the membrane is the core component to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, providing the ion transporting channels and inhibiting the shuttle of active substances. [ 9–11 ] As a result, the ideal membranes for VFBs should own the features of high selectivity, ion conductivity, and chemical stability. [ 12 ] Now, Nafion (DuPont) membranes are widely used for VFBs due to their excellent chemical stability and high conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the types of charges fixed in membrane materials, they are usually divided into the cation exchange membranes, anion exchange membranes (AEMs), bipolar membranes, and their composite. [11] Among them, AEMs are one of the most promising options and have attracted extensive attention. [13][14][15] That is because that the positively charged groups on AEMs can prevent the mutual diffusion of vanadium ions (V 2+ /V 3+ and VO 2+ /VO 2 + ) through Donnan exclusion effect and further leads to high selectivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Membrane Crosslinked with Bi‐Guanidinium for Vanadium Flow Battery Applications

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A membrane with low vanadium ion permeability and excellent electrochemical stability is crucial for a vanadium flow battery (VFB). Herein, a highly stable anion exchange membrane based on a bi-guanidinium crosslinking quaternized poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PSF) is reported. The positively charged guanidinium groups can not only form continuous and smooth ion transport channels but also prevent the mutual penetration of vanadium electrolyte at positive and negative sides, respectively, based on the Donnan exclusion effect. Moreover, the crosslinking structure endows the membrane high mechanical strength to meet the requirements of the harsh environment of VFBs. As a result, the anion exchange membrane fabricated by the poly(arylene ether sulfone) crosslinked with bi-guanidinium (BG-PSF) shows an impressive VFB performance with a coulombic efficiency of 99.8% and an energy efficiency of above 85.8% at a current density of 80 mA cm −2 , which is much higher than that of Nafion115. Furthermore, this battery can continuously work for over 200 cycles at a current density of 80 mA cm −2 , indicating good stability of the membrane. Therefore, the rationally designed BG-PSFs are promising for VFB applications. IntroductionRecently, energy storage technologies, which could smooth the output from intermittent renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, have received considerable attentions. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Among different energy storage technologies, vanadium flow battery (VFB) is well suited for large-scale energy storage due to its high safety, flexible design, high reliability, and long cycle life.

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In Situ Grown Tungsten Trioxide Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Nanosheet to Regulate Ion Selectivity of Membrane for High Performance Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The application of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) has encountered challenges because the most commonly used commercial membrane (perfluorinated sulfonic acid, PFSA) has severe vanadium ion permeation, which yields poor stability of the battery. Herein, a PFSA‐based hybrid membrane with a sandwich structure created using a reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene thin layer with hydrophilic nanohybrid fillers is developed. The tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles are in situ grown on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to overcome the electrostatic effect, and to enhance the hydrophilicity and dispersibility of GO nanosheets, which is embedded in the PFSA matrix to act as a “barrier” to reduce vanadium ions permeation. In addition, these hydrophilic WO3 nanoparticles on GO nanosheets surface serve as proton active sites to facilitate proton transportation. As a result, at 120 cm−2, the cell of the hybrid membrane displays high Coulombic efficiency (over 98.1%) and high energy efficiency (up to 88.9%), better than the commercial Nafion 212 membrane at the same condition. These performances indicate the proposed hybrid membrane is applicable for VRFB application. Also, this design method of the membrane can be extended to other fields including water treatments and fuel cells.

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Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications

Cited by 85 publications

References 383 publications

Efficiency and Oxidation Performance of Densely Flexible Side-Chain Piperidinium-Functionalized Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Efficiency and Oxidation Performance of Densely Flexible Side-Chain Piperidinium-Functionalized Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Membrane Crosslinked with Bi‐Guanidinium for Vanadium Flow Battery Applications

In Situ Grown Tungsten Trioxide Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Nanosheet to Regulate Ion Selectivity of Membrane for High Performance Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

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