Polymer digital optical switch with an integrated attenuator

Siebel, U.; Hauffe, R.; Bruns, J.; Petermann, K.

doi:10.1109/68.942659

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An improved CT value was achieved with a W-shaped DOS or a cascade of DOSs and attenuator. Recently, a polymer DOS with an integrated attenuator [81] (Fig. 15) value of ±46 dB, but the higher power consumption and the additional insertion losses need to be reduced.…”

Section: Digital Optical Switches With Variable Optical Attenuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Optical Waveguides: Materials, Processing, and Devices

Jen²,

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer optical waveguide devices will play a key role in several rapidly developing areas of broadband communications, such as optical networking, metropolitan/access communications, and computing systems due to their easier processibility and integration over inorganic counterparts. The combined advantages also makes them an ideal integration platform where foreign material systems such as YIG (yttrium iron garnet) and lithium niobate, and semiconductor devices such as lasers, detectors, amplifiers, and logic circuits can be inserted into an etched groove in a planar lightwave circuit to enable full amplifier modules or optical add/drop multiplexers on a single substrate. Moreover, the combination of flexibility and toughness in optical polymers makes it suitable for vertical integration to realize 3D and even all‐polymer integrated optics. In this review, a survey of suitable optical polymer systems, their processing techniques, and the integrated optical waveguide components and circuits derived from these materials is summarized. The first part is focused on discussing the characteristics of several important classes of optical polymers, such as their refractive index, optical loss, processibility/mechanical properties, and environmental performance. Then, the emphasis is placed on the discussion of several novel passive and active (electro‐optic and thermo‐optic) polymer systems and versatile processing techniques commonly used for fabricating component devices, such as photoresist‐based patterning, direct lithographic patterning, and soft lithography. At the end, a series of compelling polymer optical waveguide devices including optical interconnects, directional couplers, array waveguide grating (AWG) multi/demultiplexers, switches, tunable filters, variable optical attenuators (VOAs), and amplifiers are reviewed. Several integrated planar lightwave circuits, such as tunable optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs), photonic crystal superprism waveguides, digital optical switches (DOSs) integrated with VOAs, traveling‐wave heterojunction phototransistors, and three‐dimensionally (3D) integrated optical devices are also highlighted.

show abstract

Section: Digital Optical Switches With Variable Optical Attenuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Optical Waveguides: Materials, Processing, and Devices

Jen²,

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many authors have reported wide-angle DOSs that are easy to fabricate and achieve a low switching power without adversely affecting the crosstalk (Liu et al, 1994;Nelson et al, 1994;Siebel et al, 2000;Sun et al, 2005;Iodice et al, 2006). However, to further improve the crosstalk level, optical attenuators are connected to the ends of the Y-branch arms (Siebel et al, 2001). In particular, activating the attenuator of the waveguide in off state, the residual optical power can be further reduced enhancing the optical crosstalk.…”

Section: Adiabatic Mode Couplermentioning

confidence: 98%

Thermo-optical switches

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…As more functions are integrated into a planar platform, it will become more expensive to try to integrate these functions utilizing the currently accepted materials set including erbium doped silica for amplification and lithium niobate for modulation. Polymers continue to show significant promise in this area [2][3][4] . In March of 2003, the first polymer based VOA to pass TELECORDIA specifications was announced 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid integration of silicone PDLC into a planar light circuit

DeGroot

Clapp

Hannington³

et al. 2003

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silicone polymeric materials are being developed that will allow the hybrid integration of tunable functionality provided by polymer dispersed liquid crystal, PDLC, and continuous phase liquid crystal materials on planar silica-onsilicon and planar polymer light circuits. The advantages of this approach are ease of integration, the possibility for reduced power consumption, and therefore a reduction of the overall cost for component manufacturing and operation. A successful demonstration of a low loss approach to hybrid integration of polymers and liquid crystals is presented. The challenges for successful integration and acceptance will be discussed. New liquid crystal materials are being developed specifically for this application.

show abstract

Polymer digital optical switch with an integrated attenuator

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Polymer-Based Optical Waveguides: Materials, Processing, and Devices

Polymer-Based Optical Waveguides: Materials, Processing, and Devices

Thermo-optical switches

Hybrid integration of silicone PDLC into a planar light circuit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About