Polymer‐Derived Ceramic Adsorbent for Removal of Dyes from Water

Bi-doped BaBiO3 (x = 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) perovskite oxides by a sol–gel method: comprehensive biological assessment and RhB photodegradation

“…There several models for studying the kinetics of the photodegradation reaction, including the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models. 49–51 In this work, a kinetic study of the performance of the % Bi–BBO nanoparticles (NPs) in degrading RhB was conducted, and the data was analysed using the first- and second-order rate models, as indicated by eqn (1) and (2), respectively.where C 0 is the initial concentration of RhB dye solution, C t is the concentration of Rhodamine B solution at time t , k 1 is the first-order rate kinetics, k 2 is the second-order rate kinetics, and t is the visible light exposure time. The obtained plots are presented in Fig.…”

“…This observation can be explained by the manner in which the recombination rate of e − –h + occurs, with the rate following a first-order rate law when one electron is excited and recombined with h + , and a second-order rate law when multiple e − –h + recombination occur simultaneously within a photocatalyst particle. 49–53…”

“…There several models for studying the kinetics of the photodegradation reaction, including the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, pseudo-rst-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models. [49][50][51] In this work, a kinetic study of the performance of the % Bi-BBO nanoparticles (NPs) in degrading RhB was conducted, and the data was analysed using the rstand second-order rate models, as indicated by eqn ( 1) and ( 2), respectively.…”

“…The validity of the rate constants was assessed based on the regression correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of the kinetic plots. [49][50][51][52] It was observed that the R 2 values for the rst-order rates are greater than 0.9222, while the R 2 values for the second-order rates were smaller (0.8). Consequently, the photocatalytic degradation follows the rst-order rate model for the BBO catalyst ranging from 5% to 20%-Bi.…”

“…This observation can be explained by the manner in which the recombination rate of e − -h + occurs, with the rate following a rst-order rate law when one electron is excited and recombined with h + , and a second-order rate law when multiple e − -h + recombination occur simultaneously within a photocatalyst particle. [49][50][51][52][53] To examine the durability and reusability of the Bi%-BBO nanoparticles, RhB degradation recycling tests were carried out under the same conditions. As illustrated in Fig.…”