Polymer-derived carbon materials for energy storage devices: A mini review

Zhao, Ziyue; Sun, Lidong; Liu, Yu; Feng, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118066

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…8 Carbonaceous nanomaterials are usually exploited as electrode materials because they have a large surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and good electrochemical stability. 9,10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-derived, flower-on-fiber-like, carbon nanofiber electrodes for supercapacitors

Mun,

Kim,

Moon

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-derived, flower-on-fiber-like, carbon nanofiber electrodes for supercapacitors

Mun,

Kim,

Moon

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…After the introduction of polymer (a Greek term meaning, a large chemical contains the combination of various small as well as alike substances) by Jons Jacob Berzelius in the year 1833, since then, it was observed that the polymers gained wide range of applications in various fields [1][2][3]. Generally, polymeric substances can be distinguished on bases of their source, structural characteristics, polymerization route, chemical bond strength, and conductivities [4,5]. In the year 2000, a noble prize was awarded to scientists, MacDiarmid, Shirakawa and Heeger for their finding and development of conducting polymers [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different wt. % (5,10,15,20) of graphite is used for synthesis of composites and studied their electrical conductivity. XRD patterns of composites show increasing intensity with an increasing graphite content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and electrical properties of Reused-Graphite/Polyaniline composites

Faniband,

Sarvesha chandra,

Sreekanth

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Polyaniline graphite composites have been synthesized using chemical oxidative polymerization method. The graphite powder has been reused which is obtained by used batteries. XRD patterns of graphite show (002) peak and no impurity peaks. Different wt. % (5, 10, 15, 20) of graphite is used for synthesis of composites and studied their electrical conductivity. XRD patterns of composites show increasing intensity with an increasing graphite content. SEM images show plate-like morphology of graphite whereas granular-morphology for PANI. Composite samples show both plate-like morphology and granular morphology indicating that graphite is embedded in the polymer matrix. Electrical characteristics of composite samples have shown a systematic increase in conductivity with an increase in the graphite concentration. Conductive fillers within the polymer matrix can increase the overall conductivity. Higher filler content provides more conductive pathways for electrons, resulting in enhanced conductivity. The detailed studies of these results are discussed and presented in this paper.

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“…An activation process is necessary for achieving the desired properties of ACs. , Activation may be accomplished by several methods, including chemical or physical processes. Chemical activation is more favorable since it requires lower temperature, has higher efficiency, and requires shorter processing time compared to a physical one . It involves treatment with oxidizing acids (HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 ), salt solutions (ZnCl 2 , MgCl 2 ), or alkalis (KOH, NaOH, K 2 CO 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Activation Pathways of Recovered Carbon Black (rCB) from End-of-Life Tires (ELTs) by Potassium-Containing Agents

Dziejarski,

Faust,

Serafin

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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This study explores the conversion of recovered carbon black (rCB) from end-of-life tires (ELTs) into activated carbons (ACs) using potassium-based activators, targeting enhanced textural properties development. The research focuses on the interaction between potassium and rCB, with the aim of understanding the underlying mechanisms of rCB activation. The study investigates several parameters of KOH activation, including the KOH/rCB mass ratio (1:3 to 1:6), activation temperatures (700−900 °C), activation time (1−4 h), and heating rate (5−13 °C/min). It also assesses the effects of different potassium salts (KCl, K 2 CO 3 , CH 3 COOK, and K 2 C 2 O 4 ) on porosity and surface characteristics of the rCB/ACs. Furthermore, the role of the physical state of KOH as an activator (solid and gas−solid) was examined, alongside a comparative analysis with NaOH to evaluate the distinct effects of potassium and sodium ions. Optimal conditions were identified at an 800 °C activation temperature, a 7 °C/min heating rate, a 1:5 KOH/rCB ratio, and a 4 h activation period. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of several K-phases, such as K 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 •1.5H 2 O, K 4 (CO 3 ) 2 •(H 2 O) 3 , KHCO 3 , and K 2 O. The effectiveness of the potassium salts was ranked as follows: KOH > K 2 C 2 O 4 > CH 3 COOK > K 2 CO 3 > KCl, with KOH emerging as the most effective. Notably, the gas−solid reaction of KOH/rCB was indicated as a contributor to the activation process. Additionally, it was concluded that the role of KOH in enhancing the textural properties of rCB was primarily due to the interaction of K + ions with the graphite-like structure of rCB, compared to the effects observed with NaOH. This research introduces novel insights into the specific roles of different potassium salts and KOH activation conditions in optimizing the textural characteristics of rCB/ACs.

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Polymer-derived carbon materials for energy storage devices: A mini review

Cited by 28 publications

References 206 publications

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-derived, flower-on-fiber-like, carbon nanofiber electrodes for supercapacitors

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework-derived, flower-on-fiber-like, carbon nanofiber electrodes for supercapacitors

Synthesis and electrical properties of Reused-Graphite/Polyaniline composites

Insights into Activation Pathways of Recovered Carbon Black (rCB) from End-of-Life Tires (ELTs) by Potassium-Containing Agents

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