Polymer composites with cellulose microfibrils

Panaitescu, Denis Mihaela; Donescu, Dan; Bercu, C.; Vuluga, Dumitru Mircea; Iorga, Michaela; Ghiurea, Marius

doi:10.1002/pen.20803

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This can be explained by the extraordinary properties induced in polymers by the nano-metric size reinforcement and by the favorable effects on the environment (Panaitescu et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana fibers and microfibrils as lignocellulosic reinforcements in polymer composites

Ibrahim¹,

Dufresne

El‐Zawawy³

et al. 2010

Carbohydrate Polymers

176

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“…This can be explained by the extraordinary properties induced in polymers by the nano-metric size reinforcement and by the favorable effects on the environment (Panaitescu et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana fibers and microfibrils as lignocellulosic reinforcements in polymer composites

Ibrahim¹,

Dufresne

El‐Zawawy³

et al. 2010

Carbohydrate Polymers

176

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“…The other approach is chemical modification of the surface of CNFs (Dufresne 2012;Habibi 2014). Reinforcement of thermoplastic resin by chemically modified CNFs and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been attempted (Panaitescu et al 2007;De Menezes et al 2009;Lin and Dufresne 2013;Hassan et al 2014;Huang et al 2016). Three hydroxyl groups per repeating unit exposed on the surface is unique characteristic of CNFs and CNCs compared with other nanofillers such as carbon nanotube and carbon nanofibers and enables designing of nanofibers surface although an effective chemical treatment to improve the reinforcing efficiency of CNFs and CNCs for PP and PE has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing cellulose nanofiber surface for high density polyethylene reinforcement

et al. 2018

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Because of their high mechanical performance, high specific surface area, and high aspect ratio, there is a strong interest in cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) as a reinforcing material for plastics. Although three hydroxyl groups per repeating unit exposed on the surface is a unique characteristic of CNFs, an effective chemical treatment to improve the reinforcing efficiency of CNFs for hydrophobic thermoplastic resin has not yet been reported. In this study, six systematically designed aliphatic ester groups with linear, cyclic and branched structures, were incorporated on the surface of CNFs using the hydroxyl groups with a degree of substitution of 0.4. The melt compounding of the esterified CNFs and HDPE was performed at 140°C using a twin screw extruder followed by injection molding at 160°C and investigated the CNF dispersibility in HDPE and the CNF reinforcing efficiency in injection-molded HDPE samples. Incorporation of linear long chains results in the best dispersion of CNFs in HDPE compared with cyclic and branched chains, but the latter chains give higher reinforcing efficiencies in Young's modulus and tensile strength. Especially, the bulky t-butyl group gave the highest reinforcing efficiency. Thus, the structure of ester groups incorporated on the CNFs very much affects on the dispersibility in HDPE, Young's modulus and tensile strength, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the esterified CNFsreinforced HDPE composites. Addition of pivaloylated CNFs increases the Young's modulus of HDPE from 1.20 to 3.32 GPa, and the tensile strength from 23.4 to 51.2 MPa. The CTE is 72.5 ppm/K, which is less than one-third that of the HDPE. The high reinforcing efficiency of these composites is partly explained by the formation of the double shish-kebab crystal structure during injection molding identified by the TEM observation.

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“…Using cellulose fibers (10 wt%) and a solvent exchange method, Iwatake et al (2008) succeeded in fabricating a composite sheet with uniform filler distribution showing an increase of Young's modulus and tensile strength of 40 and 25% respectively. Chemical modification of cellulose has been explored as a route for improving filler dispersion in hydrophobic polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene (Panaitescu et al, 2007b;Rahman et al, 2009;Yanjun et al, 2010). PVA is a water-soluble and biodegradable polymer with excellent chemical resistance and an interesting material for biomedical applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%