Polymer “Clicking” by CuAAC Reactions

Abstract

The CuAAC “click” reaction has developed as one of the most useful and widely employed reactions in ligation within polymer chemistry. This is due to the unique properties of the Cu(I) catalysis which renders the reaction quantitative even at low concentrations, orthogonal with other chemistries and extremely robust. The formed triazole on the other hand is of intermediate polarity and chemically and biochemically “invisible”, and the CuAAC provides the ideal “click” reaction for stitching together polymer architectures of unprecedended complexity as was it molecular LEGO. The CuAAC “clicking” in polymer chemistry is increasing exponentially and lead to highly defined polymer materials with novel properties.magnified image

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications

“…259 In comparison with the field of medicinal chemistry, RuAAC has as yet been rather sparingly used in a polymer context, but examples include the synthesis of triazole-containing monomers, polymers and dendrimers using RuAAC, as well as polymer functionalization.…”

Novel cross-linkers for PDMS networks for controlled and well distributed grafting of functionalities by click chemistry

“…The azide moiety opens up for click reactions, in this case the copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of an azide group and an alkyne (CuAAC) forming a 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole. [9][10][11][12] Click chemistry has previously been demonstrated to be successful for functionalization of polymers in general polysiloxanes in particular. [16][17][18][19] The azide group on the crosslinker therefore enables reactions with various types of alkyne functional molecules and thereby signicantly widens the functionality that can be introduced into PDMS elastomers.…”

Surface functionalization of nanofibrillated cellulose using click-chemistry approach in aqueous media

“…The attraction of these principles has led to the utilization of ''click''-reactions in different fields from drug discovery to materials sciences. The copper-catalyzed azidealkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is one of the most used ''click''-reaction employed in polymer synthesis, offering extensive possibilities to tailor polymer properties Sachsenhofer 2007, 2008;Fournier et al 2007;Meldal 2008;Rostovtsev et al 2002;Tornoe et al 2002). Click-chemistry has also gained attention in the modification of polysaccharides and several articles on the topic can be found (Bernard et al 2008;De Geest et al 2008a, b;Hafrén et al 2006;Hasegawa et al 2006;Koschella et al 2010;Krouit et al 2008;Liebert et al 2006;Schatz et al 2009;Tankam et al 2007;Zhang et al 2009;Zhao et al 2010).…”