“…33–65 A related investigation has been performed on the Biomaterials with biopolymer-based binding-agents with natural-fiber reinforcements as documented by Sevastyanov D.V. et al 47 The work had discussed the mechanical characteristics and processes for generating the most commonly utilized bio-degradable polymers (poly (lactic acid & poly-hydroxy-alkanoates). The physical and mechanical characteristics of Natural-fibers, and also their benefits over synthetic fabrics when reinforcement polymeric materials, were addressed.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The possibilities for polymeric biomaterials that can be used in numerous manufacturing sectors were explored. 47,63–72 Figure 15.Scanning Electron Microscopy of developed composite specimens. (a)SEM of Specimen J (b) SEM of Specimen J28V2, (c) SEM of Specimen J26V4 (d) SEM of Specimen J24V6, (e) SEM of Specimen J22V8.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The possibilities for polymeric biomaterials that can be used in numerous manufacturing sectors were explored. 47,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] Theoretical and actual densities along with void generation were also calculated and presented in Table 5.…”
Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential reinforcement for polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. In the present study, the fabrication has been carried out on Jute and Vetiver fiber reinforced Epoxy composites using hand lay-up technique with a varying mass of the fibers in epoxy and matrix modifier graphite which has been fixed by weight. The mechanical (tensile, flexural and hardness test), and physical properties (water absorption [WA] and moisture content behavior) of developed composites are determined. The results obtained from performed test show that tensile strength of around 212.96 MPa was achieved for 6 wt% of Vetiver, the flexural strength of around 266.267 MPa, and the Rockwell hardness is 70.08. The WA is found maximum for Vetiver, and Jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the sample with 8% Vetiver and 22% of Jute fiber of composite. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs clearly show the incompatibility of Vetiver fiber with Epoxy matrix, easily understood with pull out of Vetiver fibers from the matrix. The continuous fiber was used which is equal to the length of the casting, therefore, even due to debonding, fracture of Vetiver fibers occurred more than pull-out.
“…33–65 A related investigation has been performed on the Biomaterials with biopolymer-based binding-agents with natural-fiber reinforcements as documented by Sevastyanov D.V. et al 47 The work had discussed the mechanical characteristics and processes for generating the most commonly utilized bio-degradable polymers (poly (lactic acid & poly-hydroxy-alkanoates). The physical and mechanical characteristics of Natural-fibers, and also their benefits over synthetic fabrics when reinforcement polymeric materials, were addressed.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The possibilities for polymeric biomaterials that can be used in numerous manufacturing sectors were explored. 47,63–72 Figure 15.Scanning Electron Microscopy of developed composite specimens. (a)SEM of Specimen J (b) SEM of Specimen J28V2, (c) SEM of Specimen J26V4 (d) SEM of Specimen J24V6, (e) SEM of Specimen J22V8.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The possibilities for polymeric biomaterials that can be used in numerous manufacturing sectors were explored. 47,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] Theoretical and actual densities along with void generation were also calculated and presented in Table 5.…”
Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential reinforcement for polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. In the present study, the fabrication has been carried out on Jute and Vetiver fiber reinforced Epoxy composites using hand lay-up technique with a varying mass of the fibers in epoxy and matrix modifier graphite which has been fixed by weight. The mechanical (tensile, flexural and hardness test), and physical properties (water absorption [WA] and moisture content behavior) of developed composites are determined. The results obtained from performed test show that tensile strength of around 212.96 MPa was achieved for 6 wt% of Vetiver, the flexural strength of around 266.267 MPa, and the Rockwell hardness is 70.08. The WA is found maximum for Vetiver, and Jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the sample with 8% Vetiver and 22% of Jute fiber of composite. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs clearly show the incompatibility of Vetiver fiber with Epoxy matrix, easily understood with pull out of Vetiver fibers from the matrix. The continuous fiber was used which is equal to the length of the casting, therefore, even due to debonding, fracture of Vetiver fibers occurred more than pull-out.
“…First, bio polymers are more expensive than synthetic polymers. Table 2 shows the cost of the main biodegradable polymers in comparison with the cost of polypropylene [23]. In addition, the production of new materials is an investment project with high expenditure and unpredictable profitability.…”
The article considers the problem of transition to environmentally safe types of food packaging materials. Features of modern biodegradable food materials and evolutionary generations of packaging materials are explored. Based on literature review, the author identifies a new generation of biodegradable food packaging – smart bio-packaging, representatives of which can be considered materials that have both “green” properties and advanced consumer qualities. Examples of such innovative biodegradable packaging are given: films and containers with antiseptic properties, enriched with vitamins and edible. It is generalized that bio-plastic has acceptable organoleptic, mechanical and chemical properties and can be an alternative to synthetic polymers. At the same time, the analysis of biopolymer production from the resource position revealed adverse environmental, economic and anthropogenic effects. In this context, the author presents “Paradox of ecological ricochet”: a contradiction between positive properties of biodegradable food materials and problems of increasing environmental burden for obtaining biomass. It is concluded that eco-safety of bioplastics depends on such factors as composition of materials, production process and how these material is destroyed after use.
The article considers the problem of plastic waste growth in global scale and ways to decline harmful consequences. Dynamics of the volume of non-degradable plastic and the distribution of waste on land and water are analysed. Negative effects of plastic waste on different types of bioresources and human health are identified. In this context, the author presents paradox of “plastic trap”: a contradiction between positive properties of plastic and global problems of its use. Based on literature review, it is shown that the water environment is most heavily polluted, and it can lead to the situation “there is more plastic in a sea than fish”. It is actualized, that to get out of the “plastic trap” it is necessary to combine the efforts of the state, business and society. State regulation of plastic production and consumption, development of recycling technologies and creation of biodegradable plastic analogues are suggested as a key restoring ways. Plastic is a raw material for various technological processes, so efforts are needed to improve the efficiency of its recycling. It is generalized that natural materials as starch, corn, sugar cane, grain husks, algae, chitin and parts of plants can be used for production of biopolymers.
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