Polylysine‐modified titania nanotube arrays for local drug delivery

Abstract

A drug delivery system based on ɛ-polylysine-modified titania nanotube (ɛ-PL-TNTs) arrays was prepared. Polylysine on the nanotubes' surface can effectively bind with alendronate, a drug for the treatment of osteoporosis, through chemical bond. The bonds are fairly stable in an acid environment and cannot easily break up in a physiological environment. The ɛ-PL-TNTs increased the amount of drug loading by 9% in weight. The in vitro release profile of alendronate from ɛ-PL-TNTs showed a significant reduced burst release and an extended overall release of more than 15 days.

<p>Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques</p>

“…The burst release is due to the initial diffusion of drug molecules under a concentration gradient from high to low, TNTs to the surrounding environment. In addition, the weak binding between drug molecules and the TNT walls also contributes to this process 39,61,62. Burst release can kill most bacteria in a short time; however, it may also lead to concentration-induced toxicity and may exhaust loaded drug to damage the long-term antibacterial ability.…”

“…Combining TNTs with functional coatings is a good option to achieve zero-order release kinetics 68. Coatings applied to TNTs for the control of drug release are mainly polymers 61,62,69–71. These coatings can enhance certain capabilities of TNTs due to their intrinsic biological functions 72–75.…”

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

“…Losic and co-workers have developed a well-designed controllable drug delivery system by functionalizing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on TNTs and found that the drug loading capacity was improved by 30–36 wt % in comparison with unmodified TNTs. Intriguingly, the hydrophilic nature of APTES was favorable for augmenting better attachment of drug molecules, and the drug release profile was extended to more than 15 days by minimizing the burst release effect [ 59 ].…”

Evaluation of sustained drug release performance and osteoinduction of magnetron-sputtered tantalum-coated titanium dioxide nanotubes

“…24 Compared to polymer coating techniques, functional metal/metal oxide coating methods possess advantages of simplicity, anti-corrosion properties, and high stability. [25][26][27] Therefore, controlling drug release from TNTs via metal/metal oxide coating is an effective method to achieve sustained drug release.…”