Polylactic Acid Technology

Drumright, Ray; Gruber, Patrick; Henton, David E.

doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200012)12:23<1841::aid-adma1841>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 2,273 publications

(552 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…[ 24,25 ] Commercial PLA is typically obtained from natural plant sugars, which consists of mainly poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with trace poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA). The material exhibits a rather low-melting temperature ( T m ) at less than 150 °C since the presence of trace PDLA disturbs crystallization of the PLLA.…”

Section: Molecular Design and Synthesis Of Thermally Stable Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 ] PLA inherently exhibits better thermal stability compared to other biodegradable polymers such as PLGA and polycaprolactone (PCL), and was used here in the organic electronic devices. [ 11,25 ] Commercially available PLA presents a relatively low melting point (<150 °C), and thus was not applied in the OFETs. Linear PLLA exhibits higher melting temperature than the commercially PLA, but fabrication and application temperatures of linear PLLAOFETs are still limited.…”

Section: Thermal Stability and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermally Stable, Biocompatible, and Flexible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Temperature Sensing Arrays for Artificial Skin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

194

150

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Application of degradable organic electronics based on biomaterials, such as polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid and polylactide (PLA), is severely limited by their low thermal stability. Here, a highly thermally stable organic transistor is demonstrated by applying a three‐arm stereocomplex PLA (tascPLA) as dielectric and substrate materials. The resulting flexible transistors are stable up to 200 °C, while devices based on traditional PLA are damaged at 100 °C. Furthermore, charge‐ trapping effect induced by polar groups of the dielectric is also utilized to significantly enhance the temperature sensitivity of the electronic devices. Skin‐like temperature sensor array is successfully demonstrated based on such transistors, which also exhibited good biocompatibility in cytotoxicity measurement. By presenting combined advantages of transparency, flexibility, thermal stability, temperature sensitivity, degradability, and biocompatibility, these organic transistors thus possess a broad applicability such as environment friendly electronics, implantable medical devices, and artificial skin.

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Section: Molecular Design and Synthesis Of Thermally Stable Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Stability and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Stable, Biocompatible, and Flexible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Temperature Sensing Arrays for Artificial Skin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

194

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[7][8][9] However, it still represents a challenge to tailor the properties of PLA-based materials by a mere structural variation. Lowering the degree of crystallization is often achieved by copolymerization of L-lactide (LLA) with, e.g., glycolide, e-caprolactone, meso-lactide, or other comonomers resulting in linear block copolymers.…”

Section: Full Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Arm Star Poly(L‐lactide) with Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Core

Gottschalk

Wolf

Frey

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Biocompatible multi‐arm star block copolymers based on poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) have been prepared by a core‐first approach, using hyperbranched polyglycerol (PG), a polyether polyol, as a polyfunctional initiator. The molecular weight of the hyperbranched initiator‐core was varied from 2 200 to 5 200 g · mol−1, molecular weights of the resulting multi‐arm stars were in the range of 6 700–107 000 g · mol−1 (NMR), depending on the amount of dilactide (LA) added. Various monomer/initiator ratios have been employed in the Sn‐catalyzed LA polymerization in order to vary the length of the lactide arms from $\overline {DP} _{\rm n}$(arm) = 2 to 20 units. Detailed NMR analysis using conventional and 2D‐NMR techniques (e.g., HSQC NMR) revealed that the monomer/initiator‐core ratio indeed permits control of the arm length. SEC measurements showed that the narrow polydispersities of the core molecules ($\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$ = 1.5 and 1.6) became even lower after grafting of PLLA for the multi‐arm star polymers. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) also demonstrated that the competing homopolymerization of LA could be avoided using suitable reaction conditions. The resulting PG–PLLA star polymers exhibited low polydispersities ($\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$) between 1.15 and 1.7, depending on the length of the PLLA arms. Attachment of the hydrophobic PLLA chains to the hydrophilic polyether structure leads to amphiphilic, core‐shell type structures suitable for guest encapsulation.magnified image

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“…PLA is biodegradable and is produced from nonfossil renewable natural resources by fermentation of polysaccharides or sugar, which are extracted from sugar beet or corn, by establishing a biological cycle with PLA biodegradation as well as photosynthesis fore. [1,2] It is used in many applications such as packaging, tissue engineering, drug delivery [3] but increasingly its applications are from short term to long life applications such as composites, electronics, automotive, and household items which require fire retardant properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of montmorillonite for enhancing fire retardancy of intumescent PLA

Fontaine¹,

Gallos²,

Bourbigot³

2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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This work deals with the effect of an organomodified montmorillonite (OMMT, cloisite C30B) in intumescent PLA, which makes it nonflammable. The use of OMMT dramatically improves the fire properties of intumescent PLA in terms of limiting oxygen index (LOI) and heat release rate (HRR), which is almost zero. The part played by OMMT in the improvement of the FR performance was studied using a Microscale Combustion Calorimeter (MCC), solid-state NMR ( 13 C, 31 P and 27 Al) and specific set-up for temperature and swelling measurements in the char during fire test. It is shown that the clay increases the efficiency of the protective char by strongly limiting heat and mass transfer.

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Polylactic Acid Technology

Cited by 2,273 publications

References 89 publications

Thermally Stable, Biocompatible, and Flexible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Temperature Sensing Arrays for Artificial Skin

Thermally Stable, Biocompatible, and Flexible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Temperature Sensing Arrays for Artificial Skin

Multi‐Arm Star Poly(L‐lactide) with Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Core

Role of montmorillonite for enhancing fire retardancy of intumescent PLA

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