Polylactic acid functionalization with maleic anhydride and its use as coupling agent in natural fiber biocomposites: a review

González‐López, Martín Esteban; Robledo‐Ortíz, Jorge R.; Manríquez‐González, Ricardo; Silva-Guzmán, José Antonio; Pérez‐Fonseca, Aida Alejandra

doi:10.1080/09276440.2018.1439622

Cited by 78 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Consequently, the use of PLA in blown film extrusion and foam processes is restricted [ 6 , 7 ]. To improve these properties and enable simple processability in the packaging industry, PLA has been modified by the addition of compatibilizers, such as plasticizers [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], reactive coupling agents [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], and fillers [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In addition, blending with other polymers [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], including copolymers and functionalized polymers, has also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticization Effect of Poly(Lactic Acid) in the Poly(Butylene Adipate–co–Terephthalate) Blown Film for Tear Resistance Improvement

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Polymers

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The mechanical properties and tear resistance of an ecofriendly flexible packaging film, i.e., poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate–co–terephthalate) (PBAT) film, were investigated via a blown film extrusion process. The application of PLA and PBAT in product packaging is limited due to the high brittleness, low stiffness, and incompatibility of the materials. In this study, the effects of various plasticizers, such as adipate, adipic acid, glycerol ester, and adipic acid ester, on the plasticization of PLA and fabrication of the PLA/PBAT blown film were comprehensively evaluated. It was determined that the plasticizer containing ether and ester functionalities (i.e., adipic acid ester) improved the flexibility of PLA as well as its compatibility with PBAT. It was found that the addition of the plasticizer effectively promoted chain mobility of the PLA matrix. Moreover, the interfacial adhesion between the plasticized PLA domain and PBAT matrix was enhanced. The results of the present study demonstrated that the plasticized PLA/PBAT blown film prepared utilizing a blown film extrusion process exhibited improved tear resistance, which increased from 4.63 to 8.67 N/mm in machine direction and from 13.19 to 16.16 N/mm in the transverse direction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticization Effect of Poly(Lactic Acid) in the Poly(Butylene Adipate–co–Terephthalate) Blown Film for Tear Resistance Improvement

Kim

Lee

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…The incorporation of the natural fibre comes with a lot of benefits which include but not limited to low density, low cost, availability, renewability, biodegradability, and nonabrasive [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Therefore, combining these two different reinforcing materials, a hybrid composite with balance performance especially cost performance and lightweight can be synthesized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid and Nonhybrid Laminate Composites of Sugar Palm and Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene: Effect of Alkali and Sodium Bicarbonate Treatments

Mukhtar

Leman

Zainudin

et al. 2019

International Journal of Polymer Science

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In recent years, the hybrid composites of cellulosic and synthetic fibres are tailored to yield materials with reduced cost and weight. Prior to the fabrication of the hybrid composite, in most case, the cellulosic fibre needs surface modification for proper bonding. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of sodium bicarbonate treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of the hybrid and nonhybrid laminate composites of sugar palm and glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene. The findings will be compared with the conventional alkali treatment. The laminate composites were fabricated using the film stacking technique and hot compression process. Prior to the fabrication process, the sugar palm fibre in it which is naturally woven mat was treated with 4 wt% and 10 wt% alkali and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. All the laminate composites were investigated by tensile, flexural, and impact test, water absorption, and morphological examination. The tensile strength increased with both alkaline and sodium bicarbonate treatments for the hybrid and nonhybrid composites. The increase was more pronounced with the alkaline-treated SPF composite (L03) which displayed the highest value of 61.75 MPa, while that of the sodium bicarbonate-treated SPF composite (L04) recorded 58.76 MPa against 53.01 MPa for the untreated SPF composite (L02). The same trend was observed for the flexural strength. In overall, the alkaline treatment yielded better performance in comparison with sodium bicarbonate treatment.

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“…Maleic anhydride (MA) is one of the most widely used reactive compatibilizers due to its good chemical reactivity, low toxicity and low potential to self‐polymerize under free radical grafting conditions . MA grafted to PLA, namely maleated PLA (MAPLA) has been prepared by several authors via reactive extrusion using 2,5‐bis(tertbutylperoxy)‐2,5‐dimethylhexane or dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as initiator. For example, Csikos et al prepared MAPLA using 2 wt% MA and 0.5 wt% 2,5‐bis(tertbutylperoxy)‐2,5‐dimethylhexane via reactive extrusion to be used at different contents (5–20 wt%) to prepare PLA‐wood flour composites by compression molding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surface treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of injection molded poly(lactic acid)‐coir fiber biocomposites

et al. 2018

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In this study, two different surface treatments were evaluated to improve the compatibility of coir fibers with poly(lactic acid). The chemical modifications were achieved by fiber surface treatment with a maleic anhydride grafted to poly(lactic acid) (MAPLA) solution or a poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (MA-c-PMVE) aqueous solution. The fibers were analyzed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared to determine the type and level of surface modification. The biocomposites were compounded via extrusion and molded by injection. Mechanical testing showed increases in tensile modulus (around 16%) and flexural modulus (around 16%) for both treatments, but MA-c-PMVE (29%) was more effective than MAPLA (15%) in strength improvement. Finally, the surface treated fibers led to much lower biocomposites water absorption than untreated ones. a CUF, untreated coir fibers. b CT-MAPLA, coir-treated fibers with MAPLA. c CT-PMVE coir-treated fibers with MA-c-PMVE. FIG. 3. ATR-FTIR spectra of the original and modified coir fibers.

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Polylactic acid functionalization with maleic anhydride and its use as coupling agent in natural fiber biocomposites: a review

Cited by 78 publications

References 67 publications

Plasticization Effect of Poly(Lactic Acid) in the Poly(Butylene Adipate–co–Terephthalate) Blown Film for Tear Resistance Improvement

Plasticization Effect of Poly(Lactic Acid) in the Poly(Butylene Adipate–co–Terephthalate) Blown Film for Tear Resistance Improvement

Hybrid and Nonhybrid Laminate Composites of Sugar Palm and Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene: Effect of Alkali and Sodium Bicarbonate Treatments

Effect of surface treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of injection molded poly(lactic acid)‐coir fiber biocomposites

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