Polyisobutylene‐containing block polymers by sequential monomer addition. IV. New triblock thermoplastic elastomers comprising high T_g styrenic glassy segments: Synthesis, characterization and physical properties

Abstract

New linear triblock thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) comprising a rubbery polyisobutylene (PIB) midblock flanked by two glassy endblocks of various styrenic polymers have been synthesized by living carbocationic polymerization by sequential monomer addition. First isobutylene (IB) was polymerized by a bifunctional tert‐ether (dicumyl methyl ether) initiator in conjunction with TiCl4 coinitiator in CH3Cl/methylcyclohexane (MeCHx) (40/60 v/v) solvent mixtures at −80°C. After the living narrow molecular weight distribution PIB midblock ($\[\bar M_n\]$ = 1.1–1.2) has reached the desired molecular weight, the styrenic monomers together with an electron pair donor (ED) and a proton trap (di‐tert‐butylpyridine, DtBP) were added to start the blocking of the glassy segments from the living ⊕PIB⊕ chain ends. While p‐methylstyrene (pMeSt), p‐t‐butylstyrene (ptBuSt) and indene (In) gave essentially 100% blocking to the corresponding glassy endblocks, the blocking of 2,4,6‐trimethylstyrene (TMeSt) and α‐methylstyrene (αMeSt) were ineffective. Uncontrolled initiation by protic impurities was prevented by the use of DtBP. In the simultaneous presence of DtBP and the strong ED N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMA), TPEs with good mechanical properties (10–20 MPa tensile strength, 300–600% elongation) were prepared. The products exhibit a low and a high temperature Tg characteristic of phase separated rubbery and glassy domains. The service temperature of these new TPEs exceeds that of PSt–PIB–PSt triblock copolymers due to the higher Tgs (PpMeSt = 108, PptBuSt = 142 and PIn = 220–240°C) of the outer blocks. The Tg of the glassy blocks can be regulated by copolymerizing two styrene derivatives; a triblock copolymer with outer blocks of poly(pt‐butylstyrene‐co‐indene) showed a single glassy transition Tg = +165°C, i.e., in between that of PptBuSt and PIn. Virgin TPEs have been repeatedly compression molded without deterioration of physical properties. The high melt flow index obtained with a TPE containing PptBuSt endblocks suggests superior processability relative to those with PSt end‐blocks. The tensile strength retention at 60°C of the former TPE is far superior to that of a PSt–PIB–PSt triblock of similar composition.

Star-block polymers of multiple polystyrene-b-polyisobutylene arms radiating from a polydivinylbenzene core

“…5 The melt flow index at one shear rate was found to be strongly dependent on the overall molecular weight of PSt-b-PIB-b-PSt. 6 The well-known triblock copolymers of PSt-bpolydiene-b-PSt [where polydiene ϭ polybutadiene (PB) or polyisoprene (PI)] are inherently susceptible to oxidation and ozonolysis due to the unsaturated midsegment. 1 In contrast, PSt-b-PIB-b-PSt triblocks, because of the saturated PIB center block, exhibit enhanced chemical and thermal stability.…”

Novel Thermoplastic Elastomers: Polyisobutylene-block-polyamide Multiblocks

“…DSC: (DSC 2910 DuPont Instruments) sample weight, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] mg; heating rate, 10 °C/min. All the DSC data reflect the second heating cycle.…”

“…OCN-PIBiooo-NCO (5) 43.7 56.3 a Characterization by GPC; % values calculated from RI-signal area. 3.4. Polycondensation.…”

High Temperature Thermoplastic Elastomers Synthesized by Living Anionic Polymerization in Hydrocarbon Solvent at Room Temperature

“…The various TPEs synthesized by other living/controlled polymerization techniques have also shown limited industrial applications. The use of cationic polymerization to produce high T g polymers − suffers from the same limitation due to the polymerization temperature. On the other hand, high service temperature TPEs prepared by controlled radical polymerization such as atom transfer radical polymerization require longer reaction times and pretermination to control the polymerization and generally contain metal catalyst. , …”