Polyhydroxamic acid as an efficient metal chelator and flocculant for wastewater treatment

Abstract

Hydroxamic acid containing organic polymeric flocculants were synthesized from three different commercially available polymeric flocculants, such as WAS590, Zetag 4100, and Zetag 4110. These three polymers are acrylamide and acrylic acid‐based copolymers with different molecular weights and anionic charge density. The conversion of the amide groups to hydroxamic acid groups in the polymers was carried out by the reaction with hydroxylamine at pH 14. The modified polymers were characterized for structure and composition by elemental analysis, FTIR, and NMR. The chelation activity of the modified polymers was determined toward iron (Fe3+) and copper (Cu2+). The flocculation activity of the non‐modified and modified polymers was evaluated toward produced water and scrubber water. The results showed that all the modified flocculants exhibit better chelation with Fe3+ and Cu2+. In addition, the modified polymers display improved flocculation effect on tested wastewater.

Multiscale modelling of the radical-induced chemistry of acetohydroxamic acid in aqueous solution

“…AHA will also interact with radiolysis products arising from the intense, multi-component, radiation elds present in used nuclear fuel reprocessing solvent systems, and with free radical species generated in the human body. Further, the oxidative decomposition of hydroxamic acids is important for considerations in wastewater treatment, either by the use of polyhydroxamic acids as metal chelators and occulating agents for treatment, 20 or for its disposal via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), many of which leverage hydroxyl radical ($OH) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) mediated chemistry to promote complete mineralization of organic contaminants. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Consequently, a quantitative understanding of these hydroxamic acid oxidation and reduction processes at a fundamental molecular level is necessary to facilitate their prediction and control in various macroscopic systems and processes.…”

Protecting group-free introduction of amino acids to polymers through the aza-Michael reaction

“…The product zwitterions may be considered for materials applications 52 ranging from dielectric actuators, 53,54 drug delivery, [55][56][57] anti-biofouling, 58,59 sensors, 60 to flocculants. 61 The utilization of this process holds significant potential for expanding the scope of amino acid-based materials and facilitating their integration into diverse applications more sustainably. (40 mL), and CholOH (0.9 equiv., 45wt% solution in water, 6.6 mL, 24.7 mmol) was added to the lysine solution and stirred for 72 h at 50 °C, at which point NMR showed the reaction was complete.…”

Radioactive Microspheres for Selective Internal Radiation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Polyhydroxamic acid (PHA) can be used as a chelator to firmly coordinate with Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ , and so on. [ 47 ] A kind of PHA particles, synthesized through the reactions between polyacrylamide and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in alkaline environment, can be effectively labeled with a high labeling rate of >99% simply by mixing 177 Lu with PHA in aqueous solution. [ 48 ] The 177 Lu‐labeled PHA particles ( 177 Lu‐PHA‐MS) were so stable that it can resist the competitive binding of Fe 3+ .…”