Polyhedral Boranes for Medical Applications: Current Status and Perspectives

Abstract

This review focuses on the current status and perspectives of the application of polyhedral boron hydrides in medicine. The main topics discussed are boron neutron capture therapy for cancer and radionuclide diagnostics and therapy. X-ray contrast diagnostics, antitumor activity of some metal deriva-

Synthesis of 10‐Methylsulfide and 10‐Alkylmethylsulfonium nido‐Carborane Derivatives: B–H···π Interactions between the B–H–B Hydrogen Atom and Alkyne Group in 10‐RC≡CCH2S(Me)‐7,8‐C2B9H11

“…The white precipitate was filtered and dried over P 2 O 5 to give 3.95 g (85 %) of (Bu 4 N) [ (20 mL) was heated under reflux for 24 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temp., and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica using CHCl 3 as the eluent to give 0.10 g (41 %) of white oily solid 10-Pr(Me)S-7,8-C 2 B 9 H 11 (4). (1) (20 mL) was heated under reflux for 24 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temp., and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure.…”

“…[1] Currently, carborane chemistry is growing at an accelerating pace and generates more than 300 new publications each year, with many of them reporting new advances in medicine, nanomaterials, and other applications. [2,3] The past decade demonstrates a growing interest in various aspects of medicinal chemistry of carboranes [4,5] including their use as pharmacophores in drug design, [6][7][8] HIV protease inhibitors, [9] radionuclide imaging, [10] and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of cancer. [11][12][13] The general approach to the synthesis of carborane-based compounds for BNCT and radionuclide diagnostics lies in derivatization at one of the CH vertices of the carborane cage.…”

Silver and Copper Complexes with closo-Polyhedral Borane, Carborane and Metallacarborane Anions: Synthesis and X-ray Structure

“…Crystals of {Ag(η 2 -p-xylene)[3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]}n were grown by crystallization of Ag[3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2] from p-xylene [116]. The silver atom is bound to one p-xylene molecule in an η 2 -fashion (Ag-C bonds are 2.562(7) and 2.411(7) Å) and three B-H bonds from the three dicarbollide cages through H(8), H(8') and H(9A) atoms (the Ag…B distances are very long-2.705(6), 2.926(6) and 2.938(6) Å, however all Ag…H distances fail in a range 2.01-2.08 Å) in a distorted tetrahedral geometry.…”

Synthesis of New Bioinorganic Systems Based on Nitrilium Derivatives of closo-Decaborate Anion and meso-Arylporphyrins with Pendant Amino Groups

“…Reaction mass was concentrated on rotary evaporator and purified by column chromatography on silica gel G60, eluent -dichloromethane:hexane=4:1. Product was dried in vacuum under P 2 (5). 100 mg (0.6 mmol) of porphyrin 4 was dis-solved in 100 ml of dioxane, 15 ml of ethanol and 15 ml of water were added and stirred at 60 °С until the complete dissolvation.…”

“…[3] So-called third-generation boron delivery agents include boronated amino acids, proteins, antibodies, nucleosides, sugars, lipids, liposomes, nanoparticles, and porphyrin derivatives. [4,5] Among these, boronated porphyrins have emerged as promising dual sensitizers for both PDT and BNCT by virtue of the following characteristics: tumor affinity by the porphyrin ring; ease of synthesis with a high boron content; low cytotoxicity in dark conditions; and desirable photophysical properties, including strong light absorption in the visible and near infrared regions, the ability to generate singlet oxygen upon light activation and fluorescence properties. [2] Recently we have elaborated approaches to the synthesis of boron-porphyrin conjugates by the reaction of nucleophilic addition in which porphyrins with amino groups react with nitrilium derivative of closo-decaborate anion [2-B 10 H 9 N≡CMe] -.…”