Polygonum multiflorum: Recent updates on newly isolated compounds, potential hepatotoxic compounds and their mechanisms

Wang, Liming; Gao, Jian; Mou, Jiajia; Pan, Guixiang; Yu, Haiyang; Gao, Xiumei; Han, Lifeng

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.113864

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…RPM contributes to detoxification, carbuncle elimination, and bowel relaxation, while PMP tones the liver and kidney, benefits essence and blood, blackens hair, strengthens muscles, and relieves hyperlipidemia (Liu et al, 2019). Antioxidant, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroregulatory, and hepatoprotective effects of PM were also reported by several investigations (Teka et al, 2021). In recent years however, the incidence of liver injury induced by PM and its preparations has gradually increased (Li H. et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Beware of the Potential Risks for Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Induced Liver Injury

Kong

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background:Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke (PM) is a widely-used medicinal plant in China, whose root and stem are included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as Polygoni Multiflori Radix (RPM), Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata (PMP), and Polygoni Multiflori Caulis (PMC). The hepatotoxicity of RPM and PMP is concerned by the public, while the risk of PMC is ignored.Purpose: Here, we investigate the potential risks for PMC-induced liver injury from clinical, chemical, and animal features.Study design: First, we analyzed the 12-month usage of RPM, PMP, and PMC in Longhua Hospital. Second, we determined the contents of gallic acid, cis-2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (cis-SG), trans-2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (trans-SG), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (EG), physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside (PG), emodin, and physcion in the water extracts from 15 batches of RPM, PMP, and PMC. Third, we probed the hepatotoxic effect of RPM, PMP, and PMC in mice and explored the mechanism of cis-SG and trans-SG causing the liver injury at the dosages based on our results from the first and second parts.Results: PMC had nearly five times the amount of usage in both outpatient prescriptions and inpatient orders than RPM and PMP. Overall, 68% dosage of PMC was 30 g. The contents of cis-SG, trans-SG, and emodin in PMC water extracts were significantly lower than those in RPM and PMP water extracts. PMC induced milder idiosyncratic liver injury for its lower content of cis-SG and trans-SG than its root counterparts.Conclusion: The potential risks for PMC-induced liver injury should be fully aware of.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…PM, also called Heshouwu in Chinese, is a popular medicinal plant based on the TCM theory (Teka et al, 2021). The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) includes two forms of root slices: raw Polygoni Multiflori Radix (RPM) and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata (PMP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beware of the Potential Risks for Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Induced Liver Injury

Kong

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Polygonum multiflorum, usually known as "Heshouwu" in China and "Foti" in North America and East Asia, is a perennial vine-like herb of the family Polygonaceae, and it was officially listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and noted 1200 years ago, in the Tang dynasty, for its medicinal values [1]. To date, numerous pharmacological studies and clinical trials have demonstrated the biological activities of Polygonum multiflorum, including hair blackening activities, memory improvement, mitigation against other dysfunctions, anti-tumor activities, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-oxidation activities, anti-aging activities, lipid-lowering activities, immune regulation, and so on [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Solvent Extraction Followed by Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction (d-SPE) Cleanup for the Simultaneous Determination of Five Anthraquinones in Polygonum multiflorum by UHPLC-PDA

Gui

et al. 2022

Foods

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A rapid and effective ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method was developed for the determination of five anthraquinones (emodin, physcion, aloe-emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol) in Polygonum multiflorum. The target compounds were ultrasonically extracted with 70% methanol, followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) with HC-C18 and desorption with acetonitrile. The five anthraquinones were separated on an ACQUITY UPLC ® HSS T3 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) and detected by a photodiode array detector (PDA) at 254 nm. Under the optimized conditions, linear relationships were achieved in the range of 0.3~100 mg/L for emodin, 0.3~40 mg/L for physcion, 0.1~20 mg/L for aloe-emodin, and 0.05~20 mg/L for rhein and chrysophanol. The limits of detection of the five analytes ranged from 0.01 to 0.08 mg/L, and the recoveries were within the range of 82.8~118.4% with an RSD (n = 6) of 1.0~10.3%. The intra-day and inter-day precision (n = 5) of the five targets were in the range of 1.0~1.8% and 3.0~3.1%, respectively. Furthermore, this method was applied to analyses of Polygonum multiflorum samples collected from different regions in China with satisfactory results. All the results indicated that this method is suitable for the detection of five anthraquinones in Polygonum multiflorum.

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“…To reduce toxicity and enhance tonic effect, RPM was usually processed by black bean sauce or by nine cycles of steaming and sun drying to obtain the processed PM (PMP) [2]. PMP demonstrates the functions of nourishing the liver, kidney, and blood, strengthening the muscles and bones, and blackens hair [3][4][5][6]. Interestingly, RMP steamed with black soybeans for nine cycles was safe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anthraquinone components (such as emodin) which has higher content in PMPE are regarded as potential liver damage components [ 16 ]. Based on our previous research and literature review, the PMPE showed a degree of hepatotoxicity [ 4 , 16 , 17 ]; therefore, we selected PMPE to investigate the components and mechanism of potential liver injury of PMP. The study aimed to further explore the potential hepatotoxicity mechanism of PMPE using the LC-MS-based metabolomics method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers and Mechanism Analysis for Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata-Induced Liver Injury by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics

Wang

Xing

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Polygonum Multiflorum Radix Preparata (PMP), prepared from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM), is traditionally valued for its liver and kidney-tonifying effects. However, the previous studies showed that PMP was hepatotoxic, which limited its clinical use. Unfortunately, the potential hepatotoxic ingredients and the molecular mechanism are still uncertain. Objective. The aim of this study was to find out potential biomarkers of hepatotoxicity using metabolomics profile. Materials and Methods. 60% ethanol extract of PMP (PMPE) was prepared. Subsequently, an untargeted metabolomics technology in combination with ROC curve analysis method was applied to investigate the alteration of plasma metabolites in rats after oral administration of PMPE (40 g/kg/d) for 28 days. Results. Compared to the control group, the significant difference in metabolic profiling was observed in the PMPE-induced liver injury group, and sixteen highly specific biomarkers were identified. These metabolites were mainly enriched into bile acids, lipids, and energy metabolisms, indicating that PMPE-induced liver injury could be related to cholestasis and dysregulated lipid metabolism. Conclusions. This study is contributed to understand the potential pathogenesis of PMP-induced liver injury. The metabonomic method may be a valuable tool for the clinical diagnosis of PMP-induced liver injury.

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Polygonum multiflorum: Recent updates on newly isolated compounds, potential hepatotoxic compounds and their mechanisms

Cited by 46 publications

References 137 publications

Beware of the Potential Risks for Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Induced Liver Injury

Beware of the Potential Risks for Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Induced Liver Injury

Ultrasonic Solvent Extraction Followed by Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction (d-SPE) Cleanup for the Simultaneous Determination of Five Anthraquinones in Polygonum multiflorum by UHPLC-PDA

Biomarkers and Mechanism Analysis for Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata-Induced Liver Injury by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics

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