Polyglycidyl nitrate (PGN)‐based energetic thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers with bonding functions

Zhang, Zaijuan; Luo, Nan; Wang, Zhen; Luo, Yunjun

doi:10.1002/app.42026

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The interfacial tension ( γ s1s2 ) and work of adhesion ( W a ) between the binders and explosives can be calculated using the following equations:

γ_{normals 1 normals 2} = γ_{normals 1} + γ_{normals 2} - 2 \sqrt{γ_{s 1}^{normald}} \sqrt{γ_{s 2}^{normald}} - 2 \sqrt{γ_{s 1}^{normalp}} \sqrt{γ_{s 2}^{normalp}}

W_{a} = γ_{normals 1} + γ_{normals 2} - γ_{normals 1 normals 2}

where γ s1 and γ s2 represent the surface tensions of solid 1 (s1) and solid 2 (s2) separately,

γ_{normals 1}^{d}

and

γ_{normals 2}^{d}

denote the dispersion component of s1 and s2 separately,

γ_{normals 1}^{p}

and

γ_{normals 2}^{p}

are the polarity component of s1 and s2 separately, and the γ s2 of the three explosives used here was theoretical values . The γ s1s2 and W a of PBAMO, IPDI‐CE and IPDI‐DBM‐CE with explosives are listed in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the compatibility and interaction of energetic binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane with some explosives: thermal, interfacial and simulation studies

Niu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Polymer International

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Several polymer binders based on 3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane (BAMO) were studied to explore the compatibility and interaction of the energetic binders with three common energetic oxidants. The compatibilities were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and ratings were obtained according to evaluated standards. The results showed that all the binders based on BAMO had good compatibility with cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, cyclotetramethylenetetranitroamine and hexanitrohexazaiso-wurtzitane. The work of adhesion (W a ) between binders and explosives was tested via measurement of contact angle and the results are in the following order: chain-extended poly(3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane) (PBAMO) by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI-CE) with diethyl bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate (IPDI-DBM-CE) > chain-extended PBAMO by IPDI-CE > PBAMO. In addition, similar results were found in the binding energies reported by molecular dynamics, and the average values of E binding for the IPDI-DBM-CE system were larger than E binding for the other systems due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between -COOEt and -NO 2 , which improve the bonding abilities.

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“…The interfacial tension ( γ s1s2 ) and work of adhesion ( W a ) between the binders and explosives can be calculated using the following equations:

γ_{normals 1 normals 2} = γ_{normals 1} + γ_{normals 2} - 2 \sqrt{γ_{s 1}^{normald}} \sqrt{γ_{s 2}^{normald}} - 2 \sqrt{γ_{s 1}^{normalp}} \sqrt{γ_{s 2}^{normalp}}

W_{a} = γ_{normals 1} + γ_{normals 2} - γ_{normals 1 normals 2}

where γ s1 and γ s2 represent the surface tensions of solid 1 (s1) and solid 2 (s2) separately,

γ_{normals 1}^{d}

and

γ_{normals 2}^{d}

denote the dispersion component of s1 and s2 separately,

γ_{normals 1}^{p}

and

γ_{normals 2}^{p}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the compatibility and interaction of energetic binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane with some explosives: thermal, interfacial and simulation studies

Niu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Polymer International

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“…In this work, the adhesion work between binder system and oxidizers was tested by measurement of contact angle. Through the contact angle analysis, the adhesion work and interfacial tension were calculated according to reference [20], and the results were listed in Table 4 and Table 5. It can be seen in Table 4 that with coated by the bonding agent, the adhesion work (W a ) between binder system Mechanical Properties of GAP High-energy Propellant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 and AP increased to different extents, which means a better interaction between AP and binder system.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Kinds Of Bonding Agent On the Adhesion Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bonding Agent on the Mechanical Properties of GAP High‐Energy Propellant

Deng

Wang

et al. 2017

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Three kinds of bonding agent were chosen to improve the mechanical properties of GAP high‐energy composite propellant based on GAP, BuNENA, HMX, AP, and Al. These bonding agents are N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) dimethylhydantoin and 1,3,5‐trisubstituted isocyanurates (BA1), cyano‐hydroxylated amines (BA2), and hyperbranched polyether with terminal groups substituted by hydroxyl, cyano and ester functional groups (BA3). To study the interaction between bonding agents and oxidizers, the effect of coating by bonding agents on the characteristic absorption peaks of AP and HMX were first studied by infrared spectroscopy. Then the effect of bonding agents on the adhesion work between oxidizers and binder system were determined. The results showed that BA2 has the strongest interaction with AP, whereas BA1 and BA3 have relatively strong interaction with HMX. The AP grain coated by BA2 has the strongest adhesion work to the binder system, and there is not much difference in the values of adhesion work towards binder system of three coated HMX grains. At last the three bonding agents were added to GAP propellant, which has a theoretical specific impulse of 276.03 s. When the three kinds of bonding agent was used alone, the sense of “dewetting” in propellant was relieved but still existed. The combination of BA2 to BA1 or BA3 improved the adhesions between oxidizers and binder system effectively, and the mechanical properties of GAP propellant reached to δm=0.69 MPa, ϵb=32.7 %.

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“…Due to its high energy density and high oxygen content, [1][2][3][4][5] it is regarded as one of the most potential energetic adhesives in solid propellants in the future. PGN has been synthesized in the last century, so there are some reports on its synthesis, 6,7 modication 8,9 and application, [10][11][12] but studies on the reaction kinetics of the PGN curing reaction system have been rare. It is important that curing kinetics and behaviours as well as the entire curing process of the system have potential values for improving its curing stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on curing kinetics and behaviours of PGN adhesives

Ding

et al. 2021

RSC Adv.

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Polyglycidyl nitrate (PGN)‐based energetic thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers with bonding functions

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Probing the compatibility and interaction of energetic binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane with some explosives: thermal, interfacial and simulation studies

Probing the compatibility and interaction of energetic binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane with some explosives: thermal, interfacial and simulation studies

Effect of Bonding Agent on the Mechanical Properties of GAP High‐Energy Propellant

Study on curing kinetics and behaviours of PGN adhesives

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