Polygala tenuifolia polysaccharide PTP induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells via a mitochondrial pathway

Abstract

One purified polysaccharide protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) was isolated from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia. The aim of the present study is to investigate the antitumor effect of PTP on human ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells and explore the molecular mechanism of the action involved. The results of MTT assay and apoptosis detection assay showed that PTP inhibited cellular proliferation of OVCAR-3 cells and induced apoptotic cellular death via arresting cell circle at the G0/G1 phase. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis identified that bcl-2 gradually decreased at both transcription and protein levels after PTP treatment for 48 h in OVCAR-3 cells, while those of bax, cytochrome c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 increased. In addition, the low expression of NF-κB in PTP-treated OVCAR-3 cells would trigger the extrinsic pathway of programmed cell death signaling in tumor cells. These results together suggest that PTP may induce apoptosis of OVCAR-3 cells through a mitochondrial pathway.

<em>Agaricus blazei</em> extract (FA‑2‑b‑&beta;) induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells

“…Immune-enhancing effects have been demonstrated to occur with AbM, including anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-tumor effects ( 32 ). The positive mechanism of action of various medicinal plants in acute myeloid leukemia occurs via polysaccharides, which is primarily associated with; inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and further induction of cancer cell apoptosis ( 33 ). Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death without the accompanied inflammation, a phenomenon that has been a popular topic in anti-cancer research ( 34 ).…”

Selenium-enriched polysaccharides from Pyracantha fortuneana (Se-PFPs) inhibit the growth and invasive potential of ovarian cancer cells through inhibiting β-catenin signaling

“…The antitumor activity of polysaccharides from various medicinal plants has been demonstrated in ovarian cancer cells, which is mostly associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and the induction of cell apoptosis [ 28 , 29 ]. Se has also been found to play a role in prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer [ 30 , 31 ].…”

UPLC Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single Marker and Quality Evaluation of Polygala tenuifolia Wild. Extracts

“…P. tenuifolia is the most dominant origin plant of Polygalae Radix [ 16 ], and is an ingredient in numerous medicines and prescriptions in East Asia [ 17 ]. Based on laboratory studies and clinical practice, P. tenuifolia possesses various biological and therapeutic actions and functions as a mucolytic, tonic, sedative, antipsychotic, and expectorant [ 14 , 18 , 19 ]. Phytochemical studies of the dried roots of P. tenuifolia revealed that saponins, xanthones, and oligosaccharides are the major and bioactive secondary metabolites [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

“…Phytochemical studies of the dried roots of P. tenuifolia revealed that saponins, xanthones, and oligosaccharides are the major and bioactive secondary metabolites [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Saponins are considered active ingredients of expectorants, antitussives, and short-term memory enhancers [ 19 , 23 ]. Xanthones exhibit anti-tumor [ 24 ], anti-inflammation [ 25 ], anti-thrombotic [ 26 ], and antimicrobial activities [ 27 ].…”