Polyethylene solidification of low-level wastes

Kalb, P.D.; Colombo, Paolo

doi:10.2172/5847886

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…The system has successfully undergone bench-scale development/testing and a production-scale technology demonstration of this system is planned. The process has been applied to a wide range of waste types including evaporator concentrate salts, sludges, incinerator ash, and ion exchange resins [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Durability of Polyethylene for Encapsulation of Low-Level Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes

Kalb

Heiser

Colombo

1993

ACS Symposium Series

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Durability of Polyethylene for Encapsulation of Low-Level Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes

Kalb

Heiser

Colombo

1993

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Other studies performing similar tests on sodium sulfate, boric acid, incinerator ash and ion exchange resins were cited by Kalb et al, Le., Kalb and Colombo, 1984;Franz and Colombo, 1984;Franz et aL, 1987;and Heiser et aL, 1989.…”

Section: Polymer Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyethylene encapsulated wastes were below the EPA leachate allowable limits for the metals reported. Kalb and Colombo (1984) prepared simulated radioactive waste containing 10,30 and 50 wt% sodium sulfate, 25 and 35 wt% incinerator ash, and 137Cs, 6oCo and *%r tracers. Leaching tests were performed according to the American Nuclear Society ( A N S ) 16.1 Standard "Measurement of the Leachability of Solidified Low-Level Radioactive Wastes."…”

Section: Leachability Of Radioactive Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples were leached for 9 1 days in demineralized water at a temperature of 20 f 2°C. While Kalb and Colombo (1984) do not specify whether the A N S procedure requires agitation, it is highly probable that the A N S procedure is not as conservative as the more recent TCLP. In general, Kalb and Colombo found that all three tracers leached at similar rates with larger amounts of tracers leaching from the higher waste load samples and with increased exposure to the leaching solution.…”

Section: Leachability Of Radioactive Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the Kalb and Colombo (1984) data limit interpretation, a study by Kalb, Fuhrmann and Colombo (1993) provides information that permits long-term assessment of leaching. Kalb, Fuhrmann and Colombo (1993) performed an accelerated leach test (ALT) to model cumulative fractional releases of waste after 300 years of leaching under fully saturated conditions.…”

Section: Leachability Of Radioactive Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of encapsulation technologies

Shaulis¹

1996

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The use of encapsulation technology to produce a compliant waste form is an outgrowth from existing polymer industry technology and applications. During the past 12 years, the Department of Energy (DOE) has been researching the use of this technology to treat mixed wastes (i.e., containing hazardous and radioactive wastes). The two primary encapsulation techniques are microencapsulation and macroencapsulation. Microencapsulation is the thorough mixing of a binding agent with a powdered waste, such as incinerator ash. Macroencapsulation coats the surface of bulk wastes, such as lead debris.Cement, modified cement, and polyethylene are the binding agents which have been researched the most. Cement and modified cement have been the most commonly used binding agents to date. However, recent research conducted by DOE laboratories have shown that polyethylene is more durable and cost effective than cements. The compressive strength, leachability, resistance to chemical degradation, etc., of polyethylene is significantly greater than that of cement and modified cement. Because higher waste loads can be used with polyethylene encapsulant, the total cost of polyethylene encapsulation is significantly less costly than cement treatment.The only research lacking in the assessment of polyethylene encapsulation treatment for mixed wastes is pilot and full-scale testing with actual waste materials. To date, only simulated wastes have been tested. The Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site had planned to conduct pilot studies using actual wastes during 1996. This experiment should provide similar results to the previous tests that used simulated wastes. If this hypothesis is validated as anticipated, it will be clear that polyethylene encapsulation should be pursued by DOE to produce compliant waste forms. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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The radiation resistance and cobalt biosorption activity of yeast strains isolated from the Lanyu low-level radioactive waste repository in Taiwan

Chung

Wen

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Polyethylene solidification of low-level wastes

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Long-Term Durability of Polyethylene for Encapsulation of Low-Level Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes

Long-Term Durability of Polyethylene for Encapsulation of Low-Level Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes

Review of encapsulation technologies

The radiation resistance and cobalt biosorption activity of yeast strains isolated from the Lanyu low-level radioactive waste repository in Taiwan

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