Polyelectrolyte multilayer film and human mesenchymal stem cells: An attractive alternative in vascular engineering applications

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tremendous potential as a cell source for regenerative medicine due to their capacity for differentiation into endothelial-like cells when seeded on nonmodified cover glasses. This absence of removable surface, preventing recovery of cell sheet, constitutes a critical obstacle to predict an application in tissue engineering. It remains unknown whether MSCs differentiation could be realized when the cells are cultivated on a scaffold that could be used in vascular engineering. In this study, we propose to differentiate human MSCs into endothelial-like cells on surfaces coated with polyelectrolyte multilayer film (PMF) and fibronectin (control surfaces). We quantified Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) expressions (endothelial cell specific markers) and nitric oxide (NO) production, which is representative of the cell functionality. After only two weeks of differentiation, we showed, on PMF, that MSCs expressed PECAM and vWF, exhibiting a differentiation into endothelial-like cells, which functionality was explored by a significant production of nitrites. These results highlight the importance of PMF to get human MSCs differentiation and suggest that this film of nanometer thickness opens a new route for vascular bioengineering by pre-seeding hMSCs directly into a vascular graft functionalized by a removable coating.

Effect of Lumican on the Migration of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Involvement of Matrix Metalloproteinase-14

“…In our study, cells were differentiated into EPC for 13 days with regular changes of the VEGF-supplemented basal medium [6], [38]. In contrast to the results reported by Oswald and collaborators [5], a seven day treatment by 50 ng/ml VEGF was not sufficient to induce EPC phenotype and a CD31 or vWF positive staining.…”

“…MSC can be differentiated in vitro into EPC by a protocol based on low-serum culture supplemented with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [5], [6]. Under these conditions, MSC acquire several features of mature endothelium [5].…”

Vascular Grafting Strategies in Coronary Intervention

“…Although, Wu et al did not report the presence of ECs or their markers, bone marrow mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs), a small portion of the mononuclear cell fraction, have been successfully differentiated into ECs in vitro (Dong et al, 2009;Moby et al, 2011). The controlled in vitro differentiation of bone marrow MSCs to smooth muscle-like and endothelial-like cells can be achieved through supplement manipulation of the culture media (Zhao et al, 2010).…”

Cell Durotaxis on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers with Photogenerated Gradients of Modulus

“…Photocrosslinking minimizes changes in surface chemistry, wettability, and topography often associated with thermal and chemical crosslinking. 24 …”