Polyelectrolyte complexes: Bulk phases and colloidal systems

Gucht, Jasper van der; Spruijt, Evan; Lemmers, Marc; Stuart, Martien A. Cohen

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.080

Cited by 504 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…Characterization of coacervate phase behavior is typically performed using methods that take advantage of the light scattered by these small droplets in solution, such as turbidity and/or light scattering. While rheology can be used to identify the advent of complex formation based on an increase in viscosity [124], optical methods have been more widely utilized because they are amenable for high-throughput analysis to quantify the impact of variables such as the charge stoichiometry of the mixture, the ionic strength and pH of the solution, the total concentration of macro-ions, the charge density, and for samples containing polyelectrolytes, the polymer molecular weight [1][2][3]17,69,.…”

Section: Connecting Coacervate Phase Behavior With Materials Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The self-assembly of these materials is driven by entropy, where the initial electrostatic attraction between oppositely-charged macro-ions results in the release of small, bound counter-ions and the restructuring of water molecules [1][2][3][4]. Complex coacervates have a long history of use in the food [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and personal care [14,15] industries, and have found increasing utility as a platform for drug and gene delivery [1][2][3][4], as well as underwater adhesives [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complex coacervates have a long history of use in the food [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and personal care [14,15] industries, and have found increasing utility as a platform for drug and gene delivery [1][2][3][4], as well as underwater adhesives [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. Coacervation has also recently been implicated in the formation of various biological assemblies [1,[14][15][16]55,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coacervation has also recently been implicated in the formation of various biological assemblies [1,[14][15][16]55,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Across nearly all of these applications, the vast majority of studies have focused on understanding and characterizing the equilibrium phase behavior of these materials as a function of parameters such as the chemistry of the charged species, the charge stoichiometry of the system, ionic strength, and pH [1][2][3]17,69,. However, these types of equilibrium characterizations do not provide sufficient insight into the dynamic behavior of coacervates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linear viscoelasticity of complex coacervates

Liu

Winter

Perry

2017

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

121

163

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Rheology is a powerful method for materials characterization that can provide detailed information about the self-assembly, structure, and intermolecular interactions present in a material. Here, we review the use of linear viscoelastic measurements for the rheological characterization of complex coacervate-based materials. Complex coacervation is an electrostatically and entropically-driven associative liquid-liquid phase separation phenomenon that can result in the formation of bulk liquid phases, or the self-assembly of hierarchical, microphase separated materials. We discuss the need to link thermodynamic studies of coacervation phase behavior with characterization of material dynamics, and provide parallel examples of how parameters such as charge stoichiometry, ionic strength, and polymer chain length impact self-assembly and material dynamics. We conclude by highlighting key areas of need in the field, and specifically call for the development of a mechanistic understanding of how molecular-level interactions in complex coacervate-based materials affect both selfassembly and material dynamics.

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Section: Connecting Coacervate Phase Behavior With Materials Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Linear viscoelasticity of complex coacervates

Liu

Winter

Perry

2017

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

121

163

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show abstract

“…Tschuchida et al [26], Bekturov et al [27], Philipp et al [28], Kabanov [29], Thünemann et al [30], Gucht et al [31]). In general polyelectrolyte complexation is governed by, the charge density along the polymer backbone and thus the pH value in the case of weak polyelectrolytes, the degree of polymerization, the ionic strength as well as the charge balance and difference of the contour lengths of the polyanion/polycation pair and of course temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Films Composed of “Charge Matched” and “Length Matched” Polysaccharides: Self-Patterning and Unexpected Effects of the Degree of Polymerization

et al. 2012

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The functionalization of chitosan with carboxymethyl groups allows zwitterionic or anionic chitosan derivatives to be obtained as a function of the degree of substitution. Here, we show that polyelectrolyte multilayers of chitosan and carboxymethylchitosan can be assembled by “dipping” or “spraying” to form strongly hydrated films in which both the polyanion and polycation possess the same polymer backbone (“matched chemistries”). Such films grow rapidly to fairly large thickness in very few assembly steps, especially in the case of “matched” charge densities, and atomic force microscopy reveals the formation of surface patterns that are dependent on the deposition conditions and on the number of layers. Interestingly, the influence of the molar masses of the polyelectrolyte pairs on the complex formation is somewhat counterintuitive, the stronger complexation occurring between polyanions and polycations of different (“non-matching”) lengths.

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Disordered Proteins

DeForte

Uversky

2016

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and disordered protein regions (IDPRs) do not have a specific three‐dimensional (3D) structure in their unbound states under physiological conditions, existing instead as dynamic structural ensembles. There are also subtler categories of disorder, such as conditional (or dormant) disorder and partial disorder. Both the ability of a protein/region to fold and the predisposition to stay intrinsically disordered are encoded in the amino acid sequence. Structurally, IDPs/IDPRs are characterised by high spatiotemporal heterogeneity. It is important to remember, however, that although structure and disorder are often treated as binary states, they actually sit on a structural continuum. Functionally, IDPs/IDPRs are often characterised by the ability to multitask and be promiscuous binders. The field of unstructural biology has arisen to explain proteins that fall outside of the classical structure–function paradigm. A major goal in the coming years will be to understand sequence‐to‐function relationships for disordered proteins. Key Concepts Many biologically important protein regions fail to form specific three‐dimensional (3D) structures in their unbound states under physiological conditions. Amino acid sequences of these intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are noticeably different from sequences of ordered proteins and reliable predictors can be developed to distinguish the tendency of a protein to be structured or disordered. IDPs are highly abundant in nature and have numerous functions that complement the functional repertoire of ordered proteins. IDPs are characterised by high structural heterogeneity, and there is a structural continuum, with highly ordered proteins on one end and highly disordered proteins on the other. IDPs/IDPRs are commonly found in various human diseases where they often play crucial roles in pathogenesis. IDPs are crucial constituents of various membraneless organelles abundantly found in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells.

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Polyelectrolyte complexes: Bulk phases and colloidal systems

Cited by 504 publications

References 125 publications

Linear viscoelasticity of complex coacervates

Linear viscoelasticity of complex coacervates

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Films Composed of “Charge Matched” and “Length Matched” Polysaccharides: Self-Patterning and Unexpected Effects of the Degree of Polymerization

Disordered Proteins

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