Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles of Poly(ethyleneimine) and Poly(acrylic acid): Preparation and Applications

Müller, Martin; Keßler, Bernd; Fröhlich, Johanna; Poeschla, Sebastian; Torger, Bernhard

doi:10.3390/polym3020762

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…At low ionic strength, the main driving force of the complexation process is the gain in entropy, caused by the release of the low-molecular weight counterions, initially bound to the polyelectrolyte backbone. Hydrogen bonding or Van der Waals interactions are other types of interactions which can also contribute to the ion-pairing process [2][3][4]. Apart from nanoparticles with a densely charged, yet net neutral surface, an uncharged nanoparticle may be also considered as mucoinert as viral capsids, provided it is sufficiently hydrophilic with a low hydrogen bonding http capability (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG), cyclodextrin coatings) [1,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the synthesis of mucus permeating nanocarriers

Bourganis

Karamanidou

Samaridou

et al. 2015

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the synthesis of mucus permeating nanocarriers

Bourganis

Karamanidou

Samaridou

et al. 2015

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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“…dextran-sulphate) together with the organic polycation cross-linker PEI can form a nanoparticle polyelectrolyte complex by self-assembly through electrostatic intermolecular interactions (Müller et al 2011). In time, the PEC particle will unfold, releasing the cross-linker.…”

Section: Bulk Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to extend the gelation time it is desired to make a cross-linker, which is a polycation, less active by mixing it with a retardant, polyanion. As a result of that reaction, a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) is formed (Cordova et al 2008;Müller et al 2011;Spruijt 2012;Jayakumar and Lane 2012). Over time the chemical bonds between the polycation and the polyanion become weaker and the cross-linker becomes available for interaction with HPAM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow of a Cross-Linking Polymer in Porous Media

2018

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Heterogeneous reservoirs often have poor sweep efficiency during flooding. Although polymer flooding can be used to improve the recovery, in-depth diversion might provide a more economical alternative. Most of the in-depth diversion techniques are based on the propagation of a system that forms a gel in the reservoir. Premature cross-linking of the system prevents the fluid from penetrating deeply into the reservoir and as such reduces the efficiency of the treatment. We studied the effect of using a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) to (temporarily) hide the cross-linker from the polymer molecules. In addition to studying the cross-linking process in bulk, we demonstrated its behaviour at the core scale (1 m length) as well as on the pore scale. The gelation time in bulk suggested that the PEC could effectively delay the time of the cross-linking even at high brine salinity. However the delay experienced in the core flood experiment was much shorter. Tracer tests demonstrated that the XL polymer, which is a mixture of PEC and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, reduced the core pore volume by roughly 6.2% (in absolute terms). The micro-CT images showed that most of the XL polymer was retained in the smaller pores of the core. The large increase in dispersion coefficient suggests that this must have resulted in the creation of a few dominant flow paths isolated from each other by closure of the smaller pores. Keywords

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“…25,26 This property may be applied for the immobilization of proteins and enzymes, [27][28][29] anchoring metal nanoparticles, 30 or drug delivery. 31,32 Different authors have reported ionomer complex micelles of PEI grafted with methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) and anionic surfactants, 9,33 metal ions (AuCl 3 or PtCl 6 2-), 26,34 oligonucleotides, 35 or plasmid DNA. 36 The covalent attachment of mPEG is commonly used to improve aqueous solubility and to reduce immunogenicity and cytotoxicity of polymeric systems.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential optimization of methotrexate encapsulation in micellar nano-networks of polyethyleneimine ionomer containing redox-sensitive cross-links

Abolmaali¹,

Tamaddon²,

Yousefi³

et al. 2014

IJN

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A functional polycation nanonetwork was developed for delivery of water soluble chemotherapeutic agents. The complexes of polyethyleneimine grafted methoxy polyethylene glycol (PEI-g-mPEG) and Zn 2+ were utilized as the micellar template for cross-linking with dithiodipropionic acid, followed by an acidic pH dialysis to remove the metal ion from the micellar template. The synthesis method was optimized according to pH, the molar ratio of Zn 2+ , and the cross-link ratio. The atomic force microscopy showed soft, discrete, and uniform nano-networks. They were sensitive to the simulated reductive environment as determined by Ellman’s assay. They showed few positive ζ potential and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 162±10 nm, which decreased to 49±11 nm upon dehydration. The ionic character of the nano-networks allowed the achievement of a higher-loading capacity of methotrexate (MTX), approximately 57% weight per weight, depending on the cross-link and the drug feed ratios. The nano-networks actively loaded with MTX presented some suitable properties, such as the hydrodynamic size of 117±16 nm, polydispersity index of 0.22, and a prolonged swelling-controlled release profile over 24 hours that boosted following reductive activation of the nanonetwork biodegradation. Unlike the PEI ionomer, the nano-networks provided an acceptable cytotoxicity profile. The drug-loaded nano-networks exhibited more specific cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells if compared to free MTX at concentrations above 1 μM. The enhanced antitumor activity in vitro might be attributed to endocytic entry of MTX-loaded nano-networks that was found in the epifluorescence microscopy experiment for the fluorophore-labeled nano-networks.

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Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles of Poly(ethyleneimine) and Poly(acrylic acid): Preparation and Applications

Cited by 48 publications

References 31 publications

On the synthesis of mucus permeating nanocarriers

On the synthesis of mucus permeating nanocarriers

Flow of a Cross-Linking Polymer in Porous Media

Sequential optimization of methotrexate encapsulation in micellar nano-networks of polyethyleneimine ionomer containing redox-sensitive cross-links

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