Polydopamine‐modified MWCNTs‐glassy Carbon Electrode, a Selective Electrochemical Morphine Sensor

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode was prepared using f‐MWCNTs and polydopamine. Several techniques were used to investigate the surface features. Voltammetric techniques were used to evaluate the electrocatalyst efficiency, and it was used for morphine determination using differential pulse voltammetry. Different parameters affecting the method‘s sensitivity and selectivity were optimized. The linear dynamic range was 0.075–75.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.06 μM morphine. Also, the method‘s selectivity was tested, which was proved to be satisfactory. Finally, the sensor was successfully used for morphine determination in human plasma and urine samples with acceptable results.

Recent Advances in Electroanalysis Techniques Used for Morphine in Managing Postoperative Pain

“…This method used MWCNTs and polydopamine to modify the GC electrode. Electrocatalytic efficiency was evaluated using DPV that showed the potential of modified electrode for the determination of morphine in human plasma and urine samples with a liner dynamic range of 0.075-75.0 μM and detection limit of 0.06 μM [25]. A portable device containing such a sensible and disposable sensor needs to be developed to control drug abuse by persons at work and during driving.…”

Recent progress and future perspectives of polydopamine nanofilms toward functional electrochemical sensors

“…Sabeti et al [ 63 ] developed a simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor for morphine detection in biological fluids. The sensor is a glassy carbon electrode that has been modified with MWCNTs and electropolymerized PDA.…”

Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022

“…2019 novel and sensitive sensor for morphine based on electrochemically synthesized poly(p-aminobenzenesulfonicacid)/reduced grapheneoxide (poly(p-ABSA)/RGO) composite modified glassy carbon electrode [ 212 ]; nine step method to synthesize morphine from o-vanillin [ 213 ]; immunochromatographic lateral flow strip with gold nanoparticles labeling was developed for monitoring of morphine [ 214 ]; electrochemical sensor for detection of morphine [ 215 ]; 2020 Review of electrochemical detection methods of differeent moodified electrodes for deteection of morphine [ 216 ]; synthesis and use of poly(cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide)/graphene oxide (poly(CTAB)/GO) composite as novel sensor for morphine detection [ 217 ]; sensor for determination of morphine and diclofenac via differential pulse voltammetric, cyclic voltammetric, and chronoamperometry [ 218 ]; fluorescence immunoassay method for detection of morphine [ 219 ]; 2021 surface ionization mass spectrometry method for the direct detection and analysis of morphine [ 220 ]; a quantitative lateral flow immunoassay instrument that uses magnetic resistance sensors for quantitative measurement of morphine [ 221 ]; comparison of two different sensing platforms (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and a quartz crystal microbalance) for the detection of morphine [ 222 ]; evaluation of the use of plant extracts and herbal products as a SPME sorbet for use with RP-HPLC and LC-MS/MS for detection of Morphine and Codeine [ 223 ]; electrochemical sensor for DPV determination of morphine [ 224 ]; utilization of a gas-phase chloride attachment with IMS for selective detection of morphine in a morphine/codeine mixture [ 225 ]; N,Cl-doped deep eutectic solvents-based carbon dots as a selective fluorescent probe for determination of morphine in food [ 226 ]; electrochemical sensor for detection of morphine in drug samples [ 227 ]; 2022 electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of Diclofenac and Morphine [ 228 ]; sensor for detection of morphine [ 229 , 230 ]; methodology to isolate morphine from opium and heroin (deacetylated to morphine) for isotopic analysis and regional analysis of submissions from Mexico, South America, Southwest Asia, and Southeast Asia [ 231 ]; electrochemical sensors for detection of morphine in unprocessed coffee and milk [ 232 ].…”