Polydopamine-Lysophosphatidate-Functionalised Titanium: A Novel Hybrid Surface Finish for Bone Regenerative Applications

Abstract

Aseptic loosening of total joint replacements (TJRs) continues to be the main cause of implant failures. The socioeconomic impact of surgical revisions is hugely significant; in the United Kingdom alone, it is estimated that £135m is spent annually on revision arthroplasties. Enhancing the longevity of titanium implants will help reduce the incidence and overall cost of failed devices. In realising the development of a superior titanium (Ti) technology, we took inspiration from the growing interest in reactive polydopamine thin films for biomaterial surface functionalisations. Adopting a “one-pot” approach, we exposed medical-grade titanium to a mildly alkaline solution of dopamine hydrochloride (DHC) supplemented with (3S)1-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4-(oleoyloxy)butyl-1-phosphonate (FHBP), a phosphatase-resistant analogue of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Importantly, LPA and selected LPA analogues like FHBP synergistically cooperate with calcitriol to promote human osteoblast formation and maturation. Herein, we provide evidence that simply immersing Ti in aqueous solutions of DHC-FHBP afforded a surface that was superior to FHBP-Ti at enhancing osteoblast maturation. The facile step we have taken to modify Ti and the biological performance of the final surface finish are appealing properties that may attract the attention of implant manufacturers in the future.

Polydopamine and Magnesium Ions Loaded 3D‐Printed Ti‐6Al‐4V Implants Coating with Enhanced Osteogenesis and Antibacterial Abilities

“…It is widely used in the surface modification that polydopamine can adhere to the surface of almost any material. [35][36][37] In this study, magnesium ions were immobilized by polydopamine for its strong adherence. Magnesium was selected as the bioactive element because magnesium ions had been proven to effectively promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.…”

Crosslinking Mechanisms of Phenol, Catechol, and Gallol for Synthetic Polyphenols: A Comparative Review

“…For example, polydopamine can stimulate osteogenic cell differentiation, which consequently promotes osseointegration [45]. This process can be achieved due to the enhanced hydrophilicity of the scaffold materials via polyphenol coatings, which increase the adsorption of biomacromolecules from the extracellular matrix, thereby enhancing cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation; recently, in vivo studies on polydopamine-assisted bone regeneration have been actively conducted [46][47][48][49]. Moreover, polydopamine can be beneficial for extending the blood circulation time of benzoic drugs.…”

Smart Contact Lens for Colorimetric Visualization of Glucose Levels in the Body Fluid

“…Owing to the high number of catechol groups in pDA, nucleophilic molecules containing thiol (–SH) and amine (−NH 2 ) functional groups can be covalently conjugated . These include antifouling molecules, , drugs, , and biomolecules for sensing targeted molecules. Thus, a glucose-sensing contact lens-based platform could be developed by grafting a glucose-sensitive molecule to the pDA-coated contact lens.…”