Polydimethylsiloxane based microfluidic diode

Adams, Mark L.; Johnston, Matthew L.; Scherer, Axel; Quake, Stephen R.

doi:10.1088/0960-1317/15/8/020

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Then each would act as a current source in its forward bias and as a plain channel in its reverse bias. An appropriately tuned design would ensure different saturation throughputs T in the different directions of applying pressure P. Thus, this compound device would be a previously undescribed type of a microfluidic ''diode'' (28).…”

Section: Autoregulatory Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic vias enable nested bioarrays and autoregulatory devices in Newtonian fluids

Kartalov

Walker²,

Taylor

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We report on a fundamental technological advance for multilayer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidics. Vertical passages (vias), connecting channels located in different layers, are fabricated monolithically, in parallel, by simple and easy means. The resulting 3D connectivity greatly expands the potential complexity of microfluidic architecture. We apply the vias to printing nested bioarrays and building autoregulatory devices. A current source is demonstrated, while a diode and a rectifier are derived; all are building blocks for analog circuitry in Newtonian fluids. We also describe microfluidic septa and their applications. Vias lay the foundation for a new generation of microfluidic devices.ver the decade of its existence, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidics has progressed from the plain microchannel (1) through pneumatic valves and pumps (2, 3) to an impressive set of specialized components organized by the thousands in multilayer large-scale-integration chips (4). These devices have become the hydraulic elastomeric embodiment of Richard Feynman's dreams of infinitesimal machines (5, 6). The now established technology (7) has found successful applications in protein crystallization (8), DNA sequencing (9), nanoliter PCR (10), cell sorting and cytometry (11), nucleic acids extraction and purification (12), immunoassays (13,14), cell studies (15-18), and chemical synthesis (19), while also serving as the fluid-handling component in emerging integrated microelectromechanical devices (MEMS) (20).The energetic pursuit of applications, however, has resulted in a premature attention shift away from fundamental microfluidics. Here we report on a fundamental technological advance that allows a simple and easy access to a large increase in the architectural complexity of microfluidic devices, as well as opens new possibilities for technical developments and consequent applications. We dubbed the previously undescribed device ''via,'' in reference to its analog in modern semiconductor electronics.Vias are vertical micropassages that connect channels fabricated in different layers of the same PDMS multilayer chip. The functional result is 3D channels that lift the restrictions of the traditional architecture wherein channels could not leave their layer and two channels within the same layer could not cross without mixing. These restrictions did not prevent the emergence of expansive architectures (4), because the particular applications were shrewdly chosen to involve large-scale parallelization of simple identical operations, thereby requiring few controls and maximizing device density. However, as the field moves to functionally complex heterogeneous devices integrated on the same chip, laying out the respective circuitry would inevitably necessitate convenient, simple, and reliable vertical connectivity just as it did in the semiconductor industry. Microfluidic vias provide that 3D connectivity, lift the above architectural restrictions, and contribute morphological and functional capabilities.The pursuit...

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Section: Autoregulatory Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic vias enable nested bioarrays and autoregulatory devices in Newtonian fluids

Kartalov

Walker²,

Taylor

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…One-and two-input microfluidic gates 3 have been demonstrated using actuation by controlling flow resistance. A flap-based microfluidic diode 4 and valves [5][6][7][8][9] constricting flow in one direction have been built.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomeric microfluidic diode and rectifier work with Newtonian fluids

Liu

Chen

Taylor

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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We report on two microfluidic elastomeric autoregulatory devices-a diode and a rectifier. They exhibit physically interesting and complex nonlinear behaviors ͑saturation, bias-dependent resistance, and rectification͒ with a Newtonian fluid. Due to their autoregulatory properties, they operate without active external control. As a result, they enable increased microfluidic device density and overall system miniaturization. The demonstrated diode and rectifier would also be useful components in future microfluidic logic circuitry.

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“…Furthermore, we abstracted the subnatural structure fabricated in epoxy resin and applied the principle to PMMA, which is a common polymer in microfluidics. In contrast to other technologies for microfluidic diodes, movable parts like flaps [17] or cylindrical discs [18] are avoided. Conventional bulk material is applied and there is no need for superhydrophobic treatment or the application of porous substrates such as in [19].…”

Section: Technical Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional, passive liquid transport: the Texas horned lizard as a model for a biomimetic ‘liquid diode’

Comanns

Buchberger

Buchsbaum

et al. 2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

187

178

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Moisture-harvesting lizards such as the Texas horned lizard (Iguanidae: Phrynosoma cornutum) live in arid regions. Special skin adaptations enable them to access water sources such as moist sand and dew: their skin is capable of collecting and transporting water directionally by means of a capillary system between the scales. This fluid transport is passive, i.e. requires no external energy, and directs water preferentially towards the lizard's snout. We show that this phenomenon is based on geometric principles, namely on a periodic pattern of interconnected half-open capillary channels that narrow and widen. Following a biomimetic approach, we used these principles to develop a technical prototype design. Building upon the Young-Laplace equation, we derived a theoretical model for the local behaviour of the liquid in such capillaries. We present a global model for the penetration velocity validated by experimental data. Artificial surfaces designed in accordance with this model prevent liquid flow in one direction while sustaining it in the other. Such passive directional liquid transport could lead to process improvements and reduction of resources in many technical applications.

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Polydimethylsiloxane based microfluidic diode

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Microfluidic vias enable nested bioarrays and autoregulatory devices in Newtonian fluids

Microfluidic vias enable nested bioarrays and autoregulatory devices in Newtonian fluids

Elastomeric microfluidic diode and rectifier work with Newtonian fluids

Directional, passive liquid transport: the Texas horned lizard as a model for a biomimetic ‘liquid diode’

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