Polydatin Increases Lifespan and Rescue Lead-induced Behavioural Deficits, Inflammatory and Oxidative Damage in Drosophila melanogaster Harwich Strain.

Abstract

Background Lead (Pb) is toxic and cause many adverse clinical outcomes in children and adult, however, polydatin (PD) is a natural product from plants with reported antioxidative, neuroprotective and inflammatory properties. This study investigated the role of polydatin on lead-induced behavioural deficits, oxidative stress and inflammatory damages in D. melanogaster. D. melanogaster (Harwich strain, 1 to 3 days old) were orally administered lead acetate (PbAc) (0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 µM/5g diet) and PD (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 µM/5g diet) for 14-days survival assays respectively. Thereafter, three concentrations of PD (10, 20 and 40 µM/5g diet) and one concentration of PbAc (250 µM/5g diet) were selected to evaluate the ameliorative potential of polydatin on PbAc-induced toxicity in D. melanogaster after 5-days oral co-treatment. Results Markers of behavioural (acetylcholinesterase, locomotor performance, fecundity and eclosure of the flies (emergence)), oxidative stress-antioxidant status (hydrogen peroxide, total thiol, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase, cell viability), inflammation (nitric oxide) were evaluated. Polydatin elevate the lifespan of D. melanogaster in a dose-dependent manner up to 40 µM/kg diet. Furthermore, polydatin alleviate PbAc-induced inhibition of catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activities in D. melanogaster. Moreover, polydatin significantly (p < 0.05) alleviate PbAc-induced cell death, behavioural deficits, accumulation of nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, total thiol levels and histopathological lesions in flies. Conclusion The lifespan prolonging effects of polydatin and its ameliorative role on PbAc-mediated toxicity in the flies may be due to its improvement in the behavioural deficits, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.