Polycythemia and Anemia in Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Khan, Adnan; Hadi, Yousaf; Hassan, Ayesha; Kupec, Justin

doi:10.7759/cureus.7607

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, all 6 of the expired patients demonstrated chronic low pre-RCE HgbS concentration suggesting some degree of impaired RBC synthesis. Although conditions of excess iron such as hemochromatosis have been noted as a risk factor for anemia, the exact relationship between the two is still not completely understood ( 10 ). Furthermore, even though iron overload most commonly affect liver, heart, and endocrine systems, damage to organs related to hematopoiesis such as the kidneys can also occur ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic red cell exchange in sickle cell patients with iron overload may not affect mortality

Zhou

Reeves²,

Webb³

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic red cell exchange in sickle cell patients with iron overload may not affect mortality

Zhou

Reeves²,

Webb³

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Erythrocyte -A Unique Cell are affected in hereditary hemochromatosis. Erythrocytes of patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may show morphological changes [91], and the patients can be affected by secondary diseases that affect erythrocytes, such as polycythemia vera or hemolytic anemia [92].…”

Section: Iron and The Erythrocytementioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocytes as Messengers for Information and Energy Exchange between Cells

Johansson¹,

Falk²

2023

The Erythrocyte - A Unique Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolution has created a hierarchy of systems for information and energy using different cells according to messages generated from DNA, RNA, and other sources. Erythrocytes are formed in high speed at about 2 × 106/s to balance dying or not working erythrocytes to maintain optimal energy and information transfer. Important information is handled by nucleotides and distribution of metal ions and phosphates when starting synthesis process. Handling of these processes needs kinases known to be magnesium-dependent. Oxygen delivered by erythrocytes is used by other cells to synthesize ATP and to increase reaction capacity. Complex signals to bone marrow balance erythroblasts before developing into reticulocytes and erythrocytes. We discuss some aspects of erythrocyte communication with other cells of the body with special focus on magnesium and selenium in this process.

show abstract

“…Interestingly, while anaemia of chronic diseases (ACD) indicates a state of iron deficiency, it has been reflected to associate with the phenotypic expression of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), an iron overload disorder. 16 Unsurprisingly, inflammation-induced expression of HFE, a distinguished contributor in HH has been previously hypothesised to associate with ACD acting through iron blockage in reticuloendothelial cells via inhibition of FPN-mediated iron export, therefore, implying a possible link between states of iron deficiency and overload. 17,18 F I G U R E 1 A schematic representation of iron-regulatory axis--from intestinal lumen to circulation.…”

Section: Iron-regulatory Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron imbalance in cancer: Intersection of deficiency and overload

Basak

Kanwar

2022

Cancer Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iron, an essential trace element, plays a complex role in tumour biology. While iron causes cancer clearance through toxic free radical generation, iron‐induced free radical flux also acts as a cancer promoter. These fates majorly guided through cellular response towards pro‐oxidant and antioxidant settings in a tumour microenvironment, designate iron‐induced oxidative stress as a common yet paradoxical factor in pro‐tumorigenesis as well as anti‐tumorigenesis, posing a challenge to laying down iron thresholds favouring tumour clearance. Additionally, complexity of iron's association with carcinogenesis has been extended to iron‐induced ROS's involvement in states of both iron deficiency and overload, conditions identified as comparable, inevitable and significant coexisting contributors as well as outcomes in chronic infections and tumorigenesis. Besides, iron overload may also develop as an unwanted outcome in certain cancer patients, as a result of symptomatic anaemia treatment owed to irrational iron‐restoration therapies without a prior knowledge of body's iron status with both conditions synergistically acting towards tumour aggravation. The co‐play of iron deficiency and overload along with iron's pro‐tumour and antitumour roles with intersecting mechanisms, thus presents an unpredictable regulatory response loop in a state of malignancy. The relevance of iron's thresholds beyond which it proves to be beneficial against tumorigenesis hence becomes questionable. These factors pose a challenge, over establishing if iron chelation or iron flooding acts as a better approach towards antitumour therapies. This review presents a critical picture of multiple contrasting features of iron's behaviour in cancer, leading towards two conditions lying at opposite ends of a spectrum: iron deficiency and overload in chronic disease conditions including cancer, hence, validating the critical significance of diagnosis of patients' iron status prior to opting for subsequent therapies.

show abstract

Polycythemia and Anemia in Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Abstract: Open Access Original Article

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Chronic red cell exchange in sickle cell patients with iron overload may not affect mortality

Chronic red cell exchange in sickle cell patients with iron overload may not affect mortality

Erythrocytes as Messengers for Information and Energy Exchange between Cells

Iron imbalance in cancer: Intersection of deficiency and overload

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About