Polycystic ovary Syndrome in Adolescents: Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management

Kostopoulou, Eirini; Anagnostis, Panagiotis; Bosdou, Julia K.; Spiliotis, Bessie E.; Goulis, Dimitrios G.

doi:10.1007/s13679-020-00388-9

Cited by 10 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…This syndrome was responsible for approximately 80-90% of existing anovulatory infertility. 20 Although the mechanism that causes anovulation in PCOS is still unknown, it is considered that, for menstrual irregularities, pulsatile alterations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and inadequate secretion of gonadotropins were mainly involved. 3 Regarding the information above described, Rezk based his study on the use of clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with metformin compared to the use of letrozole, to assess ovulation induction in PCOS patients.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Regarding the information above described, Rezk based his study on the use of clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with metformin compared to the use of letrozole, to assess ovulation induction in PCOS patients. 20 Anovulation was likely to be the result of insulin resistance, because a substantial number of patients with PCOS anovulation resumed ovulatory cycles when treated with metformin, an insulin sensitizer. 3 Androgen excess can be biochemical or clinically manifested.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there was a higher rate of multiple pregnancies. 20 So, at present, letrozole, which was an aromatase inhibitor, was now considered the first line for ovarian induction in PCOS patients.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of different treatments used for polycystic ovary syndrome

Llamas

Montejano

Vergara

et al. 2022

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disease that currently affects many women of reproductive age. In recent years, the incidence of PCOS has increased, affecting 4% of all women worldwide, with a prevalence of 6% in Mexico. PCOS is a condition characterized by different metabolic, reproductive and hormonal disorders such as hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, menorrhagia or infertility. Patients commonly develop clinical alterations such as hirsutism, acne and in some cases, they become overweight or obese. Different medications and therapeutic methods from different literatures were evaluated, both pharmacological such as inositol, metformin, resveratrol, simvastatin, dapagliflozin, which showed great improvement, decreasing the levels of hyperandrogenism in patients, as well as non-pharmacological, of which significant improvements were found with a change in lifestyle, such as exercise, ketogenic diet and herbal medications such as chamomile and cinnamon, which showed a positive change in patients. It is important to make a diffusion and early diagnosis of PCOS, since in this way it will be possible to have a timely treatment, which can be individualized according to the characteristics and needs of each patient.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of different treatments used for polycystic ovary syndrome

Llamas

Montejano

Vergara

et al. 2022

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The treatment goals of PCOS are restoring a normal menstrual cycle, decreasing the signs of hyperandrogenism, improving quality of life, preserving fertility, and reducing the long-term risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and reproductive outcomes [ 69 , 70 ]. The management of adolescents with PCOS should be individualized.…”

Section: Polycystic Ovary Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine comorbidities of pediatric obesity

Lee

Kim

2021

Clin Exp Pediatr

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Pediatric obesity has become a serious public health issue. The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased worldwide and in Korea over several decades. Obese children are more likely to be obese adults with an increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight and preventing obesity during childhood are of critical importance. Moreover, obese children and adolescents often have endocrine comorbidities such as prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and central precocious puberty. Hence, the early implementation of obesity management using a multidisciplinary team approach and screening for these comorbidities in obese children and adolescents are required with the appropriate management of each comorbidity and/or specialist referral.

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“…Although evidence-based diagnostic criteria and management plans are well-established in adults, PCOS in adolescence presents several unresolved challenges [1,2]. The significant overlap of PCOS features with normal puberty hinders a widespread consensus on diagnostic criteria [3]. However, a recent metanalysis calculated the prevalence rates of adolescent PCOS based on three sets of criteria (Rotterdam, NIH, or AEPCOS) as 11%, 3.4%, and 8%, respectively [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Greek Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Its Relationship with Body Mass Index

et al. 2021

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition affecting 6–18% of adolescents and is strongly associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors, enhancing the risk of atherosclerosis. Thirty-two adolescents with newly diagnosed PCOS were evaluated for lipid profile disorders, insulin resistance, inflammation, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and subclinical atherosclerosis through measurements of carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT). The relationships of the above markers with increased body mass index and abdominal obesity were investigated. Twenty-three adolescents (72%) were overweight (OW) or obese (OB). The OW/OB group had significantly higher insulin, HOMA-IR, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) levels; and lower glucose-per-insulin ratios and HDL-C levels compared to the healthy weight group. The cIMT and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) levels did not differ between the two groups. Similarly, cIMT and sdLDL-C levels did not differ between PCOS-adolescents and healthy controls. CIMT was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and waist circumference per height ratio. In conclusion, OW/OB PCOS-adolescents have a cluster of adverse factors predisposing them to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, early cardiovascular risk assessment, as well as timely and targeted interventions, are necessary for prevention.

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Polycystic ovary Syndrome in Adolescents: Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management

Cited by 10 publications

References 100 publications

Comparison of different treatments used for polycystic ovary syndrome

Comparison of different treatments used for polycystic ovary syndrome

Endocrine comorbidities of pediatric obesity

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Greek Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Its Relationship with Body Mass Index

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