Polycyclic musk fragrances in different environmental compartments in Berlin (Germany)

Fromme, Hermann; Otto, Thomas; Pilz, Konstanze

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00233-5

Cited by 141 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In natural settings, HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7, 8-hexamethylcyclopenta-c-2-benzopyrane) and 1,3,4,4,2,3, are by far the most frequently found compounds in this class of aromachemicals and are present in comparatively the highest concentrations (Hu et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2008;Zeng et al, 2005;Butte, 2004;Fromme et al, 2001). Soils are repositories for fugitive HHCB and AHTN (Litz et al, 2007;Müller et al, 2006;Yang and Metcalfe, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological risks of polycyclic musk in soils irrigated with reclaimed municipal wastewater

Wang

Peng

Chen

et al. 2013

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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a b s t r a c t HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,6,6,7, and 1,3,4,4,2,3, are found in reclaimed municipal wastewater. They may accumulate in soils receiving long-term application of reclaimed water thus adversely impact the soil biota. We evaluated the extent of their accumulation in receiving soils using HYDRUS-1D based on reclaimed municipal wastewater irrigation data at a public park in Beijing. The potential for ecological harms were assessed according to tested and reported outcomes of acute toxicity tests using wheat (Triticum aetivum L), earthworm (Eisenia fetida) and springtail (Bourletiella hortensis) as target organisms. Results of comparison among EC 50 values from wheat, earthworm and springtail showed the EC 50 value for root elongation inhibition of wheat germination was the least. Based on the least EC 50 , predicted no effect concentration in soils were 290 and 320 ng /g for HHCB and ATHN, respectively. Comparable results from simulation to experimental and field investigating date validated the using of HYDRUS-1D in the work. Results of risk prediction showed it would take 243 and 666 years for HHCB and AHTN accumulated in soils at current irrigation practice to reach the levels for the resulting risk characterization ratios (RCRs) to cause potential ecosystem harms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological risks of polycyclic musk in soils irrigated with reclaimed municipal wastewater

Wang

Peng

Chen

et al. 2013

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…I. The study was designed to use exposure concentrations of HHCB within the range of concentrations recorded in sediments (i.e., up to 2.2 mg/kg) [2,3,15] and up to 10 times the published estimated PNEC sediment value of 25 mg/kg dry weight sediment [3] (the lowest and highest nominal exposure concentrations were 2.5 and 250 mg HHCB/kg dry wt sediment, respectively). Individual-level life-history traits of Capitella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual‐ and population‐level effects of the synthetic musk, hhcb, on the deposit‐feeding polychaete, Capitella sp. I

Ramskov

Selck

Salvitod

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-A life table response experiment lasting 120 d was used to investigate the effects of the synthetic polycyclic musk HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-c-2-benzopyrane; 0, 1.5, 26, 123, and 168 mg/kg dry wt sediment) on the life history of the infaunal polychaete Capitella species I. The HHCB exposure showed no detectable effects on adult survival, age at first reproduction, length of the reproductive period, number of broods, individual worm body volumes, or body size-specific egestion rates. In contrast, HHCB significantly affected juvenile survival ($123 mg/kg), maturation time (168 mg/kg), total number of eggs produced ($26 mg/kg), and brood size ($123 mg/kg) and marginally increased time between breeding attempts ($26 mg/kg). A declining trend was observed for population growth rate with increasing HHCB concentrations, but differences between the control and exposed groups were not significant. Thus, despite detectable effects of HHCB on individual life-history traits, the results suggest that environmentally realistic concentrations of HHCB are not likely to reduce the growth rate of Capitella sp. I populations.

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“…17,18 Two polycyclic musks, galaxolide (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydroSynthetic musks (SMs) are ingredients commonly used in 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-(g)-2-benzopyran, HHCB) personal-care products (PCPs); such musks are generated from and tonalide (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4 usage by individuals of soaps, shampoo, toothpaste, cosmetics tetrahydronaphthalene, AHTN) as well as two nitro musks, and other daily products. Together with various pharmaceuticals musk xylene (1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, and other commodities, they constitute a class of pharmaceuticals MX) and musk ketone (1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,6-dinitro-4 and personal-care products (PPCPs) that have been regarded as acetylbenzene, MK) are the most used SMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Polycyclic and Nitro Musks in Water Samples Using Optimized Solid-Phase Extraction by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Yuan

et al. 2009

ANAL. SCI.

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This study intended to develop a robust and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of polycyclic musks (HHCB and AHTN) and nitro musks (musk xylene (MX) and musk ketone (MK)) in water samples using optimized solid-phase extraction (SPE) by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The SPE procedure was optimized in terms of selections of SPE cartridge, sample pH, elution process, etc. The method detection limits (MDLs) were from 0.09 to 0.18 ng L -1 for the analytes. The recoveries ranged from 88.3 to 104.1% in spiked deionized water and from 86.4 to 106.8% in groundwater samples, respectively. The proposed approach was also validated by detecting real samples. The results revealed that HHCB and AHTN were ubiquitous in the local aquatic matrices. Furthermore, nitro musks were found in some aquatic matrices, which is consistent with the fact that nitro musks are still being produced and applied in China.

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Polycyclic musk fragrances in different environmental compartments in Berlin (Germany)

Cited by 141 publications

References 11 publications

Ecological risks of polycyclic musk in soils irrigated with reclaimed municipal wastewater

Ecological risks of polycyclic musk in soils irrigated with reclaimed municipal wastewater

Individual‐ and population‐level effects of the synthetic musk, hhcb, on the deposit‐feeding polychaete, Capitella sp. I

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Polycyclic and Nitro Musks in Water Samples Using Optimized Solid-Phase Extraction by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

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