Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human milk from Italian women: Influence of cigarette smoking and residential area

Zanieri, Laura; Galvan, P; Checchini, Leonardo; Cincinelli, Alessandra; Lepri, Luciano; Donzelli, Gabriele; Bubba, Massimo Del

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.011

Cited by 82 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For non-smokers, diet is the primary source of human exposure to PAHs, contributing to more than 70% of the total [2]. Traces of PAHs have been detected in various beverages and food, including drinking water [3], human milk [4], sugarcane juice [5], coffee [6], tea [7], wine [8], edible oils [9], smoked meats [10], honey [11], food supplements [12], fruits and vegetables [13] and so on. The occurrence of PAHs in food predominantly results from environmental pollution and certain food processing, such as charcoal grilling, roasting, and traditional smoking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables by Headspace SPME-GC

et al. 2011

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A simple, sensitive and inexpensive method has been developed for the quantitative determination of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetables based on headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography using a sol-gel calix[6]arenecontaining fiber. Parameters related to the extraction efficiency such as extraction temperature, extraction time, ionic strength, stirring speed, and solvents' addition were evaluated and optimized. Owing to the good selectivity and high extraction capability of the sol-gel calix[6]arene-containing fiber, low detection limits of 0.04-2.32 ng g -1 and good linearities with linear correlation coefficients[0.9964 were obtained. The relative standard deviation values were \11.6% for all of the PAHs. Average recoveries ranged from 81.07 to 107.5%. The method was applied to analyze nine kinds of vegetables near South Lake, Wuhan, China. The total concentrations of PAHs in these vegetables were found to vary between 3.91 and 96.98 ng g -1 wet weight with 2-and 3-ring PAHs predominating. Generally speaking, PAHs levels in leafy vegetables were higher than those in fruit vegetables, and root and subterranean stem vegetables had the lowest levels. The effect of cooking methods on PAHs concentration in vegetables was tested, and the results showed that PAHs in vegetables reduced a little after blanching, and was not detected after stir-frying.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables by Headspace SPME-GC

et al. 2011

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“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of important anthropogenic organic pollutants that are ubiquitous in the environment [5][6][7][8][9]. Due to their carcinogenicity in animals and widespread environmental occurrences, PAHs have garnered much attention around the world [10][11][12][13]. PAHs in aquatic environments tend to sorb to sediment particles due to their hydrophobic characteristics [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment-porewater partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River, China

Wang

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Studies have also shown that lactational exposure to low doses of B[a]P (2 and 20 mg/kg BW) during early postnatal development adversely affects neurobehavioural responses in later phases of life [44]. Findings in human studies revealed that the concentration of B[a]P in breast milk of smoking women reached 0.502 ± 0.631 g/l in positive milk samples [45]. These reports reveal the susceptibility of neonates, their exposure to neurotoxicants and adverse consequences in later phases of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure Induces Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Causing Neurobehavioural Changes during the Early Adolescence Period in Rats

Patel

Das

Patri³

2016

Dev Neurosci

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Humans are exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by ingestion of contaminated food and water. Prenatal exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) like PAHs through the placental barrier and neonatal exposure by breast milk and the environment may affect early brain development. In the present study, single intracisternal administration of B[a]P (0.2 and 2.0 µg/kg body weight) to male Wistar rat pups at postnatal day 5 (PND5) was carried out to study its specific effect on neonatal brain development and its consequences at PND30. B[a]P administration showed a significant increase in exploratory and anxiolytic-like behaviour with elevated hippocampal lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation at PND30. Further, DNA damage was estimated in vitro (Neuro2a and C6 cell lines) by the comet assay, and oxidative DNA damage of hippocampal sections was measured in vivo following exposure to B[a]P. DNA strand breaks (single and double) significantly increased due to B[a]P at PND30 in hippocampal neurons and increased the nuclear tail moment in Neuro2a cells. Hippocampal 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine production was significantly elevated showing expression of more TUNEL-positive cells in both doses of B[a]P. Histological studies also revealed a significant reduction in mean area and perimeter of hippocampal neurons in rats treated with B[a]P 2.0 μg/kg, when compared to naïve and control rats. B[a]P significantly increased anxiolytic-like behaviour and oxidative DNA damage in the hippocampus causing apoptosis that may lead to neurodegeneration in adolescence. The findings of the present study address the potential role of B[a]P in inducing oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration in the hippocampus through oxidative DNA damage in the early adolescence period of rats.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human milk from Italian women: Influence of cigarette smoking and residential area

Cited by 82 publications

References 26 publications

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables by Headspace SPME-GC

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables by Headspace SPME-GC

Sediment-porewater partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River, China

Neonatal Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure Induces Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Causing Neurobehavioural Changes during the Early Adolescence Period in Rats

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