Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment of Hoor Al-Azim wetland, Iran: a focus on source apportionment, environmental risk assessment, and sediment-water partitioning

Fakhradini, Sara Sheikh; Moore, Farid; Keshavarzi, Behnam; Lahijanzadeh, Ahmadreza

doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7360-0

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…PCA-MLR as a receptor model quantifies the percentage contribution of pollution sources (Pan et al 2017 ). PCA-MLR is formulated as follows (Fakhradini et al 2019 ): …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and urban rivers: Effects of lockdown period on surface water pollution and quality- A case study of the Zarjoub River, north of Iran

Haghnazar

Cunningham

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Due to the spreading of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Iran, restrictions and lockdown were announced to control the infection. In order to determine the effects of the lockdown period on the status of the water quality and pollution, the concentrations of Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn, together with Na + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ and electrical conductivity (EC), were measured in the Zarjoub River, north of Iran, in both pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods. The results indicated that water pollution and associated human health risk reduced by an average of 30% and 39%, respectively, during the lockdown period. In addition, the multi-purpose water quality index also improved by an average of 34%. However, the water salinity and alkalinity increased during the lockdown period due to the increase of municipal wastewater and the use of disinfectants. The major sources of pollution were identified as weathering, municipal wastewater, industrial and agricultural effluents, solid waste, and vehicular pollution. PCA-MLR receptor model showed that the contribution of mixed sources of weathering and municipal wastewater in water pollution increased from 23 to 50% during the lockdown period. However, the contribution of mixed sources of industrial effluents and solid wastes reduced from 64 to 45%. Likewise, the contribution of traffic-related sources exhibited a reduction from 13% in the pre-lockdown period to 5% together with agricultural effluent in the post-lockdown period. Overall, although the lockdown period resulted in positive impacts on diminishing the level of water pollution caused by industrial and vehicular contaminants, the increase of municipal waste and wastewater is a negative consequence of the lockdown period. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-18286-5.

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“…PCA-MLR as a receptor model quantifies the percentage contribution of pollution sources (Pan et al 2017 ). PCA-MLR is formulated as follows (Fakhradini et al 2019 ): …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and urban rivers: Effects of lockdown period on surface water pollution and quality- A case study of the Zarjoub River, north of Iran

Haghnazar

Cunningham

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…It is very important to determine whether the concentration levels of heavy metals in sediments pose an ecological risk to aquatic life. Therefore, risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments was carried out by comparing the heavy metal concentrations with SQGs (Costa- Fakhradini et al 2019;Tian et al 2020). According to the quality directive, the indices are the threshold effect level (TEL) and the possible impact level (PEL).…”

Section: Sediment Quality Guidelines (Sqgs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ecological risk, source, and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in marine sediments in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea region, Turkey

Apaydın

Kabaoğlu

Apaydın

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In the present study, the concentration levels of heavy metals such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr and Pb in sediment samples collected from 16 sampling locations in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea regions, Turkey was measured using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF). Various pollution parameters and methods, such as the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk index (RI), and geo-spatial distribution patterns were used to assess in detail the pollution status, ecological risks and sources of metals in sediment. The mean

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“…Organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (Koc) estimate PAH attraction to sediment and define the sediment-water partitioning level [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In order to assess the behavior of PAHs in the Sele River area, in situ organic carbon coefficients ( K oc ′ ) were calculated by Equation (1) [ 26 , 27 ]: K oc ′ = C S /( C aq × f oc ) where C s and C aq are the PAH concentrations in the solid and liquid phases, respectively, and f oc is the percentage of organic carbon in the sediment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Dissolved Phase, Particulate Matter, and Sediment of the Sele River, Southern Italy: A Focus on Distribution, Risk Assessment, and Sources

Montuori

Rosa

Duca

et al. 2022

Toxics

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The Sele River, located in the Campania Region (southern Italy), is one of the most important rivers and the second in the region by average water volume, behind the Volturno River. To understand the distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Sele River, water sediment samples were collected from areas around the Sele plain at 10 sites in four seasons. In addition, the ecosystem health risk and the seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in samples of water and sediment were assessed. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated at about 1807.9 kg/year. The concentration ranges of 16 PAHs in surface water (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment were 10.1–567.23 ng/L, 121.23–654.36 ng/L, and 331.75–871.96 ng/g, respectively. Isomeric ratio and principal component analyses indicated that the PAH concentrations in the water and sediment near the Sele River were influenced by industrial wastewater and vehicle emissions. The fugacity fraction approach was applied to determine the trends for the water-sediment exchange of 16 priority PAHs; the results indicated that fluxes, for the most part, were from the water into the sediment. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) of carcinogenic PAHs ranged from 137.3 to 292.6 ngTEQ g−1, suggesting that the Sele River basin presents a definite carcinogenic risk.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment of Hoor Al-Azim wetland, Iran: a focus on source apportionment, environmental risk assessment, and sediment-water partitioning

Cited by 45 publications

References 94 publications

COVID-19 and urban rivers: Effects of lockdown period on surface water pollution and quality- A case study of the Zarjoub River, north of Iran

COVID-19 and urban rivers: Effects of lockdown period on surface water pollution and quality- A case study of the Zarjoub River, north of Iran

Evaluation of ecological risk, source, and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in marine sediments in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea region, Turkey

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Dissolved Phase, Particulate Matter, and Sediment of the Sele River, Southern Italy: A Focus on Distribution, Risk Assessment, and Sources

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