Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated analogs associated to particulate matter emission from a Euro V-SCR engine fuelled with diesel/biodiesel blends

Borillo, Guilherme C.; Tadano, Yara S.; Godoi, Ana F. L.; Pauliquevis, Theotônio; Sarmiento, Hugo; Rempel, Dennis; Yamamoto, Carlos Itsuo; Marchi, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de; Potgieter‐Vermaak, Sanja; Godoi, Ricardo H. M.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.007

Cited by 58 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Both biodiesel and petrodiesel release PAHs on combustion but biodiesel has fewer polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and consequently granular phase aromatics generated during their combustion is reduced ( Wang et al., 2013 ). Also, the higher oxygen content in biodiesel which has the tendency of yielding complete combustion and thereby reducing PAH emissions ( Borillo et al., 2018 ). Many researchers have therefore successfully obtained 28% and 37.7% PAHs emission reduction from waste cooking oil biodiesel compared to ultra-low sulphur diesel.…”

Section: Sustaining Covid-19 Era Lockdown Environment Through Renewable Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Eyisi¹,

Esonye²,

Cyril³

2021

Heliyon

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The lock down engendered by COVID-19 pandemic has impacted positively on the environment through reduction of the emissions of green house gases, CO 2 , CO and other pollutants into the atmosphere below the pre-COVID-19 levels. There are fears that the gains made in the environment during COVID-19 may be frittered away as nations around the world make serious efforts to boost the COVID-19 recessed economy through massive investments in the sectors of the economy that are not environmentally friendly. This paper emphasizes on the essence of maintaining the COVID-19 pandemic era environmental impact levels in post COVID-19 era without retarding the efforts towards economic recovery. World health organization (WHO) data from six regions between April and August 2020 was evaluated. Emission levels during the COVID-19 lockdown were reviewed. The global renewable energy potentials were ascertained. The paper suggests that investment in renewable energy resources for various countries' energy needs will help sustain the green and clean environment created by the COVID-19 lockdown even after COVID-19 era lockdown. Also, building large scale and distributed energy storage infrastructure and application of artificial intelligence would ensure security of energy supply and handle unstable nature of solar and wind energy. The COVID-19 lockdown significantly reduced air pollution. The application of biofuels to generate energy and power was found to significantly reduce air pollutant emissions similar to COVID-19 lockdown.

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Section: Sustaining Covid-19 Era Lockdown Environment Through Renewable Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Eyisi¹,

Esonye²,

Cyril³

2021

Heliyon

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“…The purpose of the proposed study is to investigate if early-life exposure to diesel particulate matter at a high but human relevant-dose can invoke neurodevelopmental pathologies, including neuroinflammation, white matter disruption, ventriculomegaly, as well as protracted learning dysfunction. The exposure period is equivalent to the perinatal window in humans [30], a critical window of development within the CNS, including the formation of the blood-brain-barrier [39], gliagenesis [40], and gray matter growth [41, 42]. Previous studies have shown diesel particles can induce neuroinflammatory-like events, including disrupting the blood-brain-barrier integrity [43, 44], increasing inflammatory cytokine expression within the CNS [45, 46], and prime glial activation [47, 48], suggesting some plausibility the diesel particulate matter exposure during a vulnerable period can lead to protracted CNS dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited developmental neurotoxicity from neonatal inhalation exposure to diesel exhaust particles in C57BL/6 mice

et al. 2019

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BackgroundRecent epidemiological studies indicate early-life exposure to pollution particulate is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The need is arising to evaluate the risks conferred by individual components and sources of air pollution to provide a framework for the regulation of the most relevant components for public health protection. Previous studies in rodent models have shown diesel particulate matter has neurotoxic potential and could be a health concern for neurodevelopment. The present study shows an evaluation of pathological and protracted behavioral alterations following neonatal exposure to aerosolized diesel exhaust particles (NIST SRM 1650b). The particular behavioral focus was on temporal control learning, a broad and fundamental cognitive domain in which reward delivery is contingent on a fixed interval schedule. For this purpose, C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to aerosolized NIST SRM 1650b, a well-characterized diesel particulate material, from postnatal days 4–7 and 10–13, for four hours per day. Pathological features, including glial fibrillary-acidic protein, myelin basic protein expression in the corpus callosum, and ventriculomegaly, as well as learning alterations were measured to determine the extent to which NIST SRM 1650b would induce developmental neurotoxicity.ResultsTwenty-four hours following exposure significant increases in glial-fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the corpus callosum and cortex of exposed male mice were present. Additionally, the body weights of juvenile and early adult diesel particle exposed males were lower than controls, although the difference was not statistically significant. No treatment-related differences in males or females on overall locomotor activity or temporal learning during adulthood were observed in response to diesel particulate exposure.ConclusionWhile some sex and regional-specific pathological alterations in GFAP immunoreactivity suggestive of an inflammatory reaction to SRM 1650b were observed, the lack of protracted behavioral and pathological deficits suggests further clarity is needed on the developmental effects of diesel emissions prior to enacting regulatory guidelines.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-018-0287-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Due to the high impact of air pollutants on human health, it is considered a big issue faced by developed and developing countries [2,3], and mobile sources are a well-known villain at urban centers [4][5][6]. Therefore, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified diesel engine exhaust emissions as carcinogenic, increasing government responsibility to establish legislations aiming at the diminution of vehicle emissions [4][5][6]. In this context, the Brazilian government created, in 1986, a program to control air pollution by vehicles (PROCONVE) aiming to progressively reduce air pollutants emissions from vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate the Influence of Vehicular Emission Variables on Morbidity and Mortality in the Largest Metropolis in South America

et al. 2020

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The emission of pollutants from vehicles is presented as a prime factor deteriorating air quality. Thus, seeking public policies encouraging the use and the development of more sustainable vehicles is paramount to preserve populations’ health. To better understand the health risks caused by air pollution and exclusively by mobile sources urges the question of which input variables should be considered. Therefore, this research aims to estimate the impacts on populations’ health related to road transport variables for São Paulo, Brazil, the largest metropolis in South America. We used three Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) (Multilayer Perceptron—MLP, Extreme Learning Machines—ELM, and Echo State Neural Networks—ESN) to estimate the impacts of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter on outcomes for respiratory diseases (morbidity—hospital admissions and mortality). We also used unusual inputs, such as road vehicles fleet, distributed and sold fuels amount, and vehicle average mileage. We also used deseasonalization and the Variable Selection Methods (VSM) (Mutual Information Filter and Wrapper). The results showed that the VSM excluded some variables, but the best performances were reached considering all of them. The ELM achieved the best overall results to morbidity, and the ESN to mortality, both using deseasonalization. Our study makes an important contribution to the following United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: 3—good health and well-being, 7—affordable and clean energy, and 11—sustainable cities and communities. These research findings will guide government about future legislations, public policies aiming to warranty and improve the health system.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated analogs associated to particulate matter emission from a Euro V-SCR engine fuelled with diesel/biodiesel blends

Cited by 58 publications

References 40 publications

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Sustaining COVID-19 pandemic lockdown era air pollution impact through utilization of more renewable energy resources

Limited developmental neurotoxicity from neonatal inhalation exposure to diesel exhaust particles in C57BL/6 mice

Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate the Influence of Vehicular Emission Variables on Morbidity and Mortality in the Largest Metropolis in South America

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