Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in two polluted lagoons, eastern coast of the Red Sea: Levels, probable sources, dry deposition fluxes and air-water exchange

Rasiq, K.T.; El-Maradny, Amr; Orif, Mohamed I.; Bashir, M. El-Amin; Turki, Adnan J.

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2018.12.016

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Wet deposition is an important process for the transfer of heavy metals from gas and aerosol phases to ocean water. Snowfall in the Arctic is an important fraction of precipitation, but variations in measurements ranging from 20 % to 50 % can occur under windy conditions even with sampling equipment designed with wind protection (Rasmussen et al, 2012). However, snow events are quite sporadic in the Russian Arctic Ocean during spring-summer compared with the other deposition processes.…”

Section: Heavy Metals In the Atmosphere And Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmosphere–ocean exchange of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Russian Arctic Ocean

Abakumov

Xie

2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can greatly influence biotic activities and organic sources in the ocean. However, fluxes of these compounds as well as their fate, transport, and net input to the Arctic Ocean have not been thoroughly assessed. During April–November of the 2016 “Russian High-Latitude Expedition”, 51 air (gases, aerosols, and wet deposition) and water samples were collected from the Russian Arctic within the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, and the East Siberian Sea. Here, we report on the Russian Arctic assessment of the occurrence of 35 PAHs and 9 metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Hg) in dry and wet deposition as well as the atmosphere–ocean fluxes of 35 PAHs and Hg0. We observed that Hg was mainly in the gas phase and that Pb was most abundant in the gas phase compared with the aerosol and dissolved water phases. Mn, Fe, Pb, and Zn showed higher levels than the other metals in the three phases. The concentrations of PAHs in aerosols and the dissolved water phase were approximately 1 order of magnitude higher than those in the gas phase. The abundances of higher molecular weight PAHs were highest in the aerosols. Higher levels of both heavy metals and PAHs were observed in the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, and the East Siberian Sea, which were close to areas with urban and industrial sites. Diagnostic ratios of phenanthrene/anthracene to fluoranthene/pyrene showed a pyrogenic source for the aerosols and gases, whereas the patterns for the dissolved water phase were indicative of both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources; pyrogenic sources were most prevalent in the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea. These differences between air and seawater reflect the different sources of PAHs through atmospheric transport, which included anthropogenic sources for gases and aerosols and mixtures of anthropogenic and biogenic sources along the continent in the Russian Arctic. The average dry deposition of ∑9 metals and ∑35 PAHs was 1749 and 1108 ng m−2 d−1, respectively. The average wet deposition of ∑9 metals and ∑35 PAHs was 33.29 and 221.31 µg m−2 d−1, respectively. For the atmosphere–sea exchange, the monthly atmospheric input of ∑35 PAHs was estimated at 1040 t. The monthly atmospheric Hg input was approximately 530 t. These additional inputs of hazardous compounds may be disturbing the biochemical cycles in the Arctic Ocean.

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Section: Heavy Metals In the Atmosphere And Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmosphere–ocean exchange of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Russian Arctic Ocean

Abakumov

Xie

2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The OM sources in coastal lagoons are primarily from terrestrial inputs, primary producer phytoplankton, grazer zooplankton, and decaying species (Müller and Mathesius, 1999;Yamamuro, 2000;Zink et al, 2004;Aké-Castillo et al, 2008;Vizzini and Mazzola, 2008;Ortega-Arbulú et al, 2019). Organic pollutants are also sources of OM in lagoons and depend on the location and the lagoon type (Parolini et al, 2010;Moreno-González et al, 2013;León et al, 2017;Rasiq et al, 2018Rasiq et al, , 2019. Common sources of organic pollutants include agricultural, industrial, and human activities (El- Sayed, 2002; Al-Farawati, 2010; Ali et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural aliphatic lipids and sterols in sediments from Obhur Lagoon, Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: Concentrations, spatial distributions, and sources

Rushdi,

Alharbi,

Rasul

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Samples from the upper surface sediments of Obhur Lagoon - north Jeddah were collected to determine the concentrations, spatial distribution, and sources of natural lipids. The lagoon was divided into three zones based on their immediate ecosystems: Z I (adjoining inland), Z II (the region between Z I and the adjacent coastal Z III), and Z III (coastal region). The major natural biogenic lipid compounds of the total extractable organic matter (TEOM) were n-alkanes (partial), fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and steroids. The n-alkanes of biogenic sources were mainly from terrestrial higher plant wax and decreased from about 38% to 12% from Z I to Z III. Their aquatic algal and diatom sources increased from ~ 1% to 8% for Z I to Z III and microbial inputs decreased from ~ 3% to 0.5% for Z I to Z III. Relative concentrations of fatty acid inputs from higher plants varied from ~ 6% in Z I, 4% in Z II, and 5% in Z III; from aquatic algae sources ~ 80% in all regions; and from microbes ~14-12% with a slight decrease from Z I to Z III. The terrestrial input of fatty n-alcohols decreased from ~ 32% to 11% for Z I to Z III, from ~ 62% to 45% in Z I to Z III from aquatic algae and diatom sources, whereas microbial inputs varied around 10%. Steroid inputs from terrestrial plants were in decreasing order from Z I (37%) to Z III (16%), whilst from the aquatic biota, they increased from Z I (58%) to Z III (76%). The microbial inputs of steroids were in the order of Z III (11.5%) > Z II (9.9%) > Z I (9.4%). The contributions of the total natural lipids from terrestrial sources decreased from Z I (42.8%) to Z III (19.2%), whereas the aquatic source component increased from Z I (53.0%) to Z III (77.4%). The results indicate that the lagoon biogeochemistry is influenced by the immediate ecosystems, hydrodynamic of the lagoon, and human and social activities in the area.

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“…Air pollutants emitted from coastal cities can often be detected at significant concentrations in estuaries and coastal waters near the city. − The concentration of water-soluble heavy metals in winter in Beijing in 2011 was positively correlated with PM2.5; at that time, it was heavy haze weather, and the concentration of water-soluble heavy metals increased in haze . The study on the atmospheric deposition of the Bosten Lake found that the dry deposition flux of PAHs ranged from 0.45 to 18.10 ng m –2 d –1 during the heating period and from 0.25 to 8.15 ng m –2 d –1 during the nonheating period. , Dąbrowska et al. studied the Bogdanka and Warta Rivers in Poland and found that about 40% of aldehydes were transported to the rivers through atmospheric deposition .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The study on the atmospheric deposition of the Bosten Lake found that the dry deposition flux of PAHs ranged from 0.45 to 18.10 ng m −2 d −1 during the heating period and from 0.25 to 8.15 ng m −2 d −1 during the nonheating period. 15,16 Dabrowska et al studied the Bogdanka and Warta Rivers in Poland and found that about 40% of aldehydes were transported to the rivers through atmospheric deposition. 17 However, these studies focused on the simple calculation of the underlying surface, and few researchers have further built mathematical models and designed practical applications.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Deposition of Particulate Matter and Micropollutants as a Major Mass Transport Route to Surface Water in Winter: Measurement and Modeling in Beijing in 2014 and 2021

Liu

Zeng

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Deposition is a major route for atmospheric pollutants such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to transport to surface water. Here, we study Beijing, China, during the heavy haze period (2014) and the pandemic period (2021) to investigate the correlation between the atmospheric and surface water concentrations of 12 heavy metals and 16 PAHs. Pearson correlations and a series of back propagation (BP) neural network (NN) models are employed, and local meteorological conditions are included as input variables for the analysis. The surface water concentration of most pollutants analyzed correlate positively with humidity, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO, while negatively with the wind speed. The correlation coefficients are bigger in 2014 than in 2021, indicating accelerated gas–aqueous mass transport during haze episodes. The accurate prediction of the BP NN model in 2014 and 2021 presents itself as a promising tool in guiding future modeling efforts and policy changes.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in two polluted lagoons, eastern coast of the Red Sea: Levels, probable sources, dry deposition fluxes and air-water exchange

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Atmosphere–ocean exchange of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Russian Arctic Ocean

Atmosphere–ocean exchange of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Russian Arctic Ocean

Natural aliphatic lipids and sterols in sediments from Obhur Lagoon, Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: Concentrations, spatial distributions, and sources

Atmospheric Deposition of Particulate Matter and Micropollutants as a Major Mass Transport Route to Surface Water in Winter: Measurement and Modeling in Beijing in 2014 and 2021

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