Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sedicments from the Elizabeth River Subesturary

Bieri, Robert; Hein, Christopher J.; Huggett, Robert J.; Shou, P.; Slone, H.; Smith, C. L.; Su, Chih-Wu

doi:10.1080/03067318608077108

Cited by 87 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They also report some PAH distribution differences between these two suspected PAH source areas (Creosote Site 1 versus Creosote Site 3), which they use to suggest that most PAH in the shoals of the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River are "derived predominantly from Atlantic Wood (Creosote Site I) and coal sources with little influence from Eppinger & Russell (Creosote Site 3)." This finding is contrary to previous accounts that had suggested Creosote Site 3 was a notable source (e.g., Bieri et al, 1986). The coal sources recognized by Walker and Dickhut (2001) are suggested to be associated with historical and current coal sources, the latter potentially including a coal-fired power plant located upriver and coal storage downriver (at Lambert's Point) from the study area.…”

Section: Pre-existing Published Data Reviewcontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Three sediment samples collected in 1981 (Sites 15, 16, and 17) consisted of single grab samples representing only the upper 3 cm of sediment. The highest concentrations of total PAH' in the entire Elizabeth River system were recorded just downstream from the former Eppinger & Russell property (Creosote Site 3; Figure 2-2), The unpublished account concluded that the high concentration of PAH indicated a significant nearby source, Bieri et al (1986) later attributed to two reported releases of "thousands of gallons" of creosote (or a creosote/coal tar mix) from the Eppinger & Russell property in 1960and 1963(Lu, 1982 as the likely source of elevated PAH observed just downstream. No chemical "fingerprinting" evidence was provided to support this contention.…”

Section: Pre-existing Published Data Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This unpublished report, and a subsequent published account (Bieri et al, 1986), provided some insight to the PAH concentrations in sediments within the study area. Three sediment samples collected in 1981 (Sites 15, 16, and 17) consisted of single grab samples representing only the upper 3 cm of sediment.…”

Section: Pre-existing Published Data Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A User's Guide for Determining the Sources of Contaminants in Sediments

Stout¹,

Leather²,

Corl³

2003

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Section: Pre-existing Published Data Reviewcontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Pre-existing Published Data Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A User's Guide for Determining the Sources of Contaminants in Sediments

Stout¹,

Leather²,

Corl³

2003

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“…The (207) and were not seen in populations from less contaminated sites (17,207). Pancreatic acinar neoplasms were also seen (60,206 (128,131 ).…”

Section: Epizootic Liver Neoplasiamentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A high prevalence of hepatic neoplasms and related lesions was reported in mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River along the midAtlantic coast (17,207). The (207) and were not seen in populations from less contaminated sites (17,207).…”

Section: Epizootic Liver Neoplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article: Experimental Chemical Carcinogenesis in Fish

Bunton

1996

Toxicol Pathol

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Dr. Bunton's primary research interest is on mechanisms of toxicity and carcinogenesis in fish related to environmental contamination and on the development of alternative models.Experimental carcinogenesis using fish species as alternative models is a dynamic field of research. The 1940's expansion of synthetic chemical producing industries coincided with a number of pollution-associated fish neoplasia epizootics, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as significant components of contaminated sediment in several cases. Epizootics of primarily liver and skin neoplasia in benthic species near coastal urban or industrial areas indicated the sensitivity of fish species to known mammalian carcinogens. Stressing a mechanistic approach, investigators have used data compiled from epizootics as the backbone of current research efforts to define carcinogenesis in fish species. With liver as the focus, patterns of neoplastic development similar to those seen in rodent bioassays have been induced in various fish species by genotoxic carcinogens. Similarities between fish and rodent models include chemical and species-specific responses to exposure and the development of predictable preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. The expression of molecular molecules related to carcinogenesis is currently under investigation, which includes alterations in certain proteins, enzyme activity, and oncogene/tumor suppressor gene function. The potential for the application of research findings to both human and environmental health issues makes fish species attractive and valuable alternative models in carcinogenesis and toxicity research.Keywords. Medaka; methylazoxymethanol (MAM); molecular markers; N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG); Neoplasia; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); rainbow trout INTRODUCTION Armed with data from fish neoplasia epizootics related to environmental synthetic chemical contamination, research has moved from the morphologic assessment of neoplasms to the identification of molecular mechanisms of neoplastic development and progression. The value of these studies can be argued along 2 lines that are often, but should not be, separated. One is for application to human health issues for which there is a chronic demand, and the other is the inherent value of monitoring the health of the environment, which includes all of the creatures therein. Unfortunately, it is the latter argument that most often has to be vigorously defended, although minimal reflection will reveal that we, too, are members of this population.The present review discusses experimental fish carcinogenesis by first presenting data from neoplasia epizootics that helped to form the framework of our current 604 research efforts. The effects of known direct and indirect carcinogens on various fish species from laboratory studies are then described to illustrate species similarities and differences in tissue response. The latter portion of the paper concentrates on chemical hepatocarcinogenesis and reviews the histologic and molecular marke...

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Characterization of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with a direct liquid introduction interface and using negative chemical ionization

Bieri

Greaves

1987

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

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Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are ubiquitous pollutants that may become highly carcinogenic during their metabolism by organisms. Benzo(a)pyrene is an example of such a compound. Benzo(a)pyrene metabolite standards, which are labile, polar compounds, have been used to evaluate high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as an analytical technique for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites. The chromatography used microbore (1 mm i.d.) C18 columns with acetonitrile/water as the elution solvent which became the reagent/moderator gas. A direct liquid introduction interface was used and characteristic spectra were obtained in the negative chemical ionization mode. Molecular or pseudomolecular ions were obtained for five phenols (m/z 268 and m/z 267) and three trans-dihydrodiols (m/z 286, m/z 285, m/z 284). Useful spectra were also obtained for a tetrahydrotriol, four tetrahydrotetrols and three conjugated metabolites. Fragmentation usually involved loss of water and anions at m/z 284 and m/z 268 were common to most of the spectra. Variations in the source/desolvation chamber temperature between 175 degrees C and 275 degrees C caused significant alterations in the relative abundance of molecular and fragment ions. Dissociative electron capture was the dominant ionization process.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sedicments from the Elizabeth River Subesturary

Cited by 87 publications

References 20 publications

A User's Guide for Determining the Sources of Contaminants in Sediments

A User's Guide for Determining the Sources of Contaminants in Sediments

Review Article: Experimental Chemical Carcinogenesis in Fish

Characterization of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with a direct liquid introduction interface and using negative chemical ionization

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