Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments from a subtropical estuary in Brazil

Pietzsch, Raphael; Patchineelam, Sambasiva R.; Torres, João Paulo Machado

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2009.10.004

Cited by 64 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The overall PAH concentrations in the study area were low, and comparable to those from other mangroves and estuarine environments (Zhang et al, 2004;Zuloaga et al, 2009;Pietzsch et al, 2010). These concentrations were however, substantially lower than mangroves situated near large urban centers such as Hong Kong (Tam et al, 2001) or Sao Paulo, Brazil (Cavalcante et al, 2009;Medeiros and Bícego, 2004) indicating the importance of human activities in proliferation and accumulation of these toxic compounds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 47%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fingerprints in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments, southeastern India

Ranjan

Routh

Ramanathan

et al. 2012

Organic Geochemistry

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The sources and historical deposition of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in dated sediment cores from the Pichavaram mangrove-estuarine complex. The ΣPAH flux in mangrove and estuarine sediments are 0.064 ± 0.031 μg/cm 2 /yr and 0.043 ± 0.020 μg/cm 2 /yr, respectively. The PAH flux in sediments increases up-core coinciding with rapid urbanization since the 1970s. The flux shows a decrease in recent years (since 1990) coinciding with less riverine discharge, and perhaps more effective implementation of environmental regulations. The sediments are dominated by low molecular weight PAHs suggesting anthropogenic input. Ratios of specific PAH isomer pairs suggest higher input of petrogenic over pyrogenic derived PAHs. Notably, the deposition of high molecular weight PAHs increase in mangrove surface sediments was due to lignite and firewood combustion. Because of their overall low concentrations in sediments it is unlikely these PAHs pose an immediate ecological hazard.

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mentioning

confidence: 47%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fingerprints in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments, southeastern India

Ranjan

Routh

Ramanathan

et al. 2012

Organic Geochemistry

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“…6), which could be partially explained by a decoupling of the char and soot sources as noted above. Biomass burning and forest fires have been suggested to serve as the predominant sources for BC in aerosol samples in Thailand, especially in the hot season (Sahu et al, 2011), and the larger particles of char mainly from the biomass burning residues tend to first accumulate in soils in close proximity to their site of production and then be primarily transported by surface run-off and local river inputs to the aquatic sediments (Gelinas et al, 2001;Yunker et al, 2002;Pietzsch et al, 2010;Han et al, 2015a). Actually, in addition to the sedimentassociated BC, Ding et al (2015) also demonstrated that there existed different input sources for the dissolved BC in the boreal forest streams through active removal process in soils from the local biomass burning as compared to those in the remote glacial rivers with a more atmospheric delivered fossil fuel-derived BC.…”

Section: Occurrence and Input Pathways Of Char And Soot In The Gotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Shi

Bai

et al. 2016

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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a b s t r a c tThe coastal margins around Southeast Asia (SE Asia) may serve as an ideal location to study the sourcesink process of sedimentary black carbon (BC) because SE Asia has been identified as one of the major BC emission source regions in the world. This study provides an extensive picture of recent regional-scale sedimentary BC sequestration in the Gulf of Thailand (GOT), a tropical marine system in SE Asia. Generally, the sedimentary BC concentrations (0.07e3.99 mg/g) were in the low to moderate ranges of those obtained in other coastal sediments around the world. Regional variability of the BC and its correlation with the sediment grain size and total organic carbon (TOC) content indicated a general hydrodynamic constraint on BC occurrence in the lower Gulf in contrast to the upper Gulf with a more source dependence due to the direct land-based input. BC/TOC% values and the varied BC components (char and soot), as well as their correlations suggested that char was the predominant constituents of sedimentary BC both in the upper and lower Gulf, which could be mainly derived from biomass burning and entered into the nearshore region through direct fluvial transport and surface run-off. The estimated BC burial flux (~212 mg/cm 2 /y) and mass inventory (~200 Gg/y) in the GOT on the hundred-year timescale were of the same order of magnitude compared with other oceanic margins, and thus the tropical shelf sediments from SE Asia could serve as an important sink of land-emitted BC.

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“…Several methods for hydrocarbons extraction from sediment samples have been described, and the most frequently used are Soxhlet, [2][3][4][5] ultrasonic extraction 6,7 and mechanical shaking. [8][9][10] Other approaches have also been applied, such as accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), 11,12 supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) 13,14 and microwaveassisted extraction (MAE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of an analytical protocol for the extraction, fractionation and determination of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments

Ferreira¹,

Gouveia²,

Silva³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho foram aperfeiçoadas as etapas para determinação de hidrocarbonetos alifáticos e aromáticos em sedimentos. Durante as etapas de extração e concentração foram avaliados fatores determinantes como tempo, solvente extrator e sistema de resfriamento. Quanto ao cleanup, foram estudados diferentes volumes e misturas de solventes de eluição. Os resultados obtidos foram considerados aceitáveis (70-120%). A linearidade, limites de detecção e quantificação foram estudados construindo-se curvas analíticas (R > 0,99) com valores que demonstraram grande sensibilidade do método. A precisão e exatidão foram avaliadas com ensaios envolvendo material de referência certificado e adição e recuperação de analitos em sulfato de sódio. Nos testes de adição e recuperação os desvios ficaram abaixo de 20%, com recuperação dos alifáticos e aromáticos de 59-105% e 55-113%, respectivamente. Para os sedimentos de referência, os desvios obtidos foram inferiores aos valores certificados, com recuperações satisfatórias. O presente trabalho proporcionou a melhoria de um método já consolidado, possibilitando obter resultados com elevada confiabilidade analítica.The main steps involved in the determination of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments were evaluated in this work. In the extraction, factors such as the cooling system, time and solvent were evaluated. During the extraction and concentration, steps aspects such as time, extraction solvent and cooling system were evaluated. In the cleanup different solvents and elution mixtures were studied. The results were considered satisfactory (70-120%). Linearity and limits of detection and quantification were studied by means of calibration curves (R > 0.90) and the results demonstrated high sensitivity of the method. Precision and accuracy were studied by recovery tests using a certified reference material and sodium sulfate. In recovery tests, the standard deviations were below 20%, with percent recoveries for aliphatic and aromatics ranging from 59 to 105% and 55 to 113%, respectively. For the reference sediment, the standard deviations were lower than the certified values, with satisfactory recovery values. The present work provided a way of improving an already established method with high analytical reliability.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments from a subtropical estuary in Brazil

Cited by 64 publications

References 43 publications

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fingerprints in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments, southeastern India

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fingerprints in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments, southeastern India

Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Optimization of an analytical protocol for the extraction, fractionation and determination of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments

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