Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 and PM10 atmospheric particles in the Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica: Sources, temporal and spatial variations

Herrera-Murillo, Jorge; Villalobos, Maria Chaves; Marín, José Félix Rojas; Guerrero, Víctor Hugo Beita; Arias, David Solórzano

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2016.10.002

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The LWM-PAHs, such as Ace, were linked with unburned petroleum and gasoline emissions [50]. High loading of Flu indicated the emission of gasoline-powered vehicles [50,55]. In addition, IND and BghiP were typical PAHs in gasoline vehicle exhausts [17,49,56].…”

Section: Source Apportionment Of Personal Pahs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, Source Contributions, and Source-Specific Health Risks of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Senior Citizens during the Heating Season in Tianjin, China

Zhang

Geng

Jia

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have carcinogenic impacts on human health. However, limited studies are available on the characteristics, sources, and source-specific health risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs based on personal exposure data, and comparisons of the contributions of indoor and outdoor sources are also lacking. We recruited 101 senior citizens in the winter of 2011 for personal PM2.5 sample collection. Fourteen PAHs were analyzed, potential sources were apportioned using positive matrix factorization (PMF), and inhalational carcinogenic risks of each source were estimated. Six emission sources were identified, including coal combustion, gasoline emission, diesel emission, biomass burning, cooking, and environmental tobacco smoking (ETS). The contribution to carcinogenic risk of each source occurred in the following sequence: biomass burning > diesel emission > gasoline emission > ETS > coal combustion > cooking. Moreover, the contributions of biomass burning, diesel emission, ETS, and indoor sources (sum of cooking and ETS) to PAH-induced carcinogenic risk were higher than those to the PAH mass concentration, suggesting severe carcinogenic risk per unit contribution. This study revealed the contribution of indoor and outdoor sources to mass concentration and carcinogenic risk of PM2.5-bound PAHs, which could act as a guide to mitigate the exposure level and risk of PM2.5-bound PAHs.

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Section: Source Apportionment Of Personal Pahs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, Source Contributions, and Source-Specific Health Risks of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Senior Citizens during the Heating Season in Tianjin, China

Zhang

Geng

Jia

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Diagnostic ratios for PAHs, such as BFs/B[ghi]Pe (BFs: B[b]Fl + B[k]Fl), Fl/(Fl+Py), IPy/(B[ghi]Pe+IPy), B[a]A/(B[a]An+Chry), B[e]Py/B[a]Py and CPAH/ΣPAH (CPAH: Fl + Py + B[a]An + Chry +B[e]Py + BFs + B[a]Py + B[ghi]Py + IPy; ΣPAH: Total PAH concentration) are presented at Table 3 . The PAH ratios have been used as confirmation indicators of the source that emits the pollution into the urban atmosphere in many studies [3] , [7] .…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dataset of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in PM2.5 and PM10 atmospheric particles from two locations in North-Western Greece

2022

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“…The purpose of collecting pPAHs in different sizes of particulate matter was to check whether pPAHs would be selectively localized in a specific size of dust or not. As no significant trend was found between pPAHs and particle size PM10 and PM2.5¸ similarly observed in other previous studies (Fang, X. et al, 2019;Zhu, J. et al, 2019;Murillo, J. H. et al, 2017;Kaushik, C. P. et al, 2012), pPAH samples from different particle sizes were pooled for the data analysis. Table 21 represents the concentrations of pPAHs in indoor and bus park at 9 bus interchanges.…”

Section: Indoor and Bus Park Ppahs Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Castro, B. P. et al, (2015); g. Lin, C. et al, (2020) gPAHs (ng/m 3 ) Tavares, M. et al, (2004);d. Sabino, F. C. et al, (2016); e. Kuusimäki, L. et al, (2003); f. Kishida, M. et al, (2008); g. Oliveira, M. et al, (2014);h. Murillo, J. H. et al, (2017); i.…”

Section: Limitations and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and analysis of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) at Singapore's integrated transport hubs (ITH)

Lee¹

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Millions of commuters should spend time waiting for their buses at bus interchanges every day in Singapore. Environmental exposure to vehicular emissions at transport hub and associated risks are of public concern. To date, limited studies have focused on the indoor air quality at Integrated Transport Hubs (ITHs), which are fully air-conditioned bus interchanges adjoined with subway stations and commercial facilities.In this study, 12 representative Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and 16 EPA priority pollutant Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were selected, collected from 9 bus interchanges at both indoor waiting area and bus park sampling points, and then analyzed.The daily VOCs and PAHs exposure for commuters were estimated by considering inhalation and dermal doses using Monte Carlo simulation (n=100,000), and human health risks for the exposure to selective pollutants were further evaluated.The median concentration of total VOCs (TVOCs), total gaseous PAHs (TgPAHs) and total particulate-bound PAHs (TpPAHs) in indoor areas were 30.42 µg/m 3 , 18.99 ng/m 3 and 1.38 ng/m 3 , respectively. Besides, the median concentrations for bus parks were 20.24 µg/m 3 , 24.26 ng/m 3 and 1.94 ng/m 3 in sequence. In general, the pollutant concentration levels were not significantly different between waiting areas and bus parks, but showed positive correlations (TVOCs: r = 0.90 , p < 0.001; TgPAHs: r = 0.75, p < 0.001; TpPAHs: r = 0.39, p < 0.05), suggesting some air exchange dependency between the spaces. The high correlations between VOCs and gPAHs components were found, which implied the bus exhaust might be the dominant source of the pollutants. The indoor waiting area to bus park pollutant concentration ratio (I/B ratio), a new indicator representing the concentration relationship between indoor and bus park samples, was calculated for each pollutant group, and lower I/B ratios of pollutants were found (TVOCs: 0.98; TgPAHs: 0.76; TpPAHs: 0.71) in the bus interchanges with fully sheltered bus parks than those with open/partially enclosed bus parks (TVOCs: 1.28; TgPAHs: 1.31; TpPAHs: 0.90).The findings in this study imply that the fully sheltered bus park may affect the dilution of air pollutants resulting in the accumulation in adjacent indoors.From the result of the dose estimation, it was found that inhalation was the dominant exposure route of VOCs accounted for 99%, while dermal absorption was the major route of PAHs accounted for 82%. Most concentration levels of VOCs at Singapore's ITHs were found to be below EPA's reference concentrations (RfC) except for naphthalene, but the maximum concentration was less than the twice of its safety benchmark. However, vi benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene and naphthalene exceed the stringent OEHHA benchmarks, as similar to other countries' reports. The concentration levels of PAHs at ITHs were found to be within their safety benchmarks through the estimation of Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) for carcinogenic risk and the comparison with EPA's RfC for noncarcinogenic r...

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 and PM10 atmospheric particles in the Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica: Sources, temporal and spatial variations

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Characteristics, Source Contributions, and Source-Specific Health Risks of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Senior Citizens during the Heating Season in Tianjin, China

Characteristics, Source Contributions, and Source-Specific Health Risks of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Senior Citizens during the Heating Season in Tianjin, China

Dataset of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in PM2.5 and PM10 atmospheric particles from two locations in North-Western Greece

Measurement and analysis of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) at Singapore's integrated transport hubs (ITH)

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