“…Owing to the fact that tyres contain many potentially harmful substances: natural and synthetic rubber polymers, oil fillers, sulfur and sulfur compounds, phenolic resin, clay, aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic oil, fabric, petroleum waxes, pigments such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, carbon black, fatty acids, inert materials and fibres made from steel, nylon, polyester or rayon [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], singeing Kanda with scrap tyres may impose the risk of depositing these elements and compounds into the kanda, and expose the unsuspecting consumer to health hazards. In fact, singeing Kanda with scrap tyre or firewood introduces the 16 U.S environmental protection agency (EPA) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), heavy metals like copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) into the Kanda and also affects the proximate composition, derivable metabolic water and energy content of the Kanda [10]. The practice also releases heavy smoke and leaves a lot of waste on the soil thereby contaminating the air and the soil nearby (Plate 1 and 2).…”