Polycombs and microRNA-223 regulate human granulopoiesis by transcriptional control of target gene expression

Zardo, Giuseppe; Ciolfi, Alberto; Vian, Laura; Starnes, Linda M.; Billi, Monia; Racanicchi, Serena; Maresca, Carmen; Fazi, Francesco; Travaglini, Lorena; Noguera, Nélida I.; Mancini, Marco; Nanni, Mauro; Cimino, Giuseppe; Lo‐Coco, Francesco; Grignani, Francesco; Nervi, Clara

doi:10.1182/blood-2011-08-371344

Cited by 138 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…Deadenylation and other ways of translational repression and sequestration result from partial complementarity between miRNA and the target mRNA [44,47,63,64] . In a similar way to siRNAs, when mature miRNAs show complete homology to a promoter region, they are able to induce TGS [65][66][67] ( Figure 1C). However, this miRNA pathway is not well described due to the few cases that have been reported.…”

Section: Sncrnasmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In mammals, its establishment at a particular locus is a result of protein interactions and cross talk with multiple silencing mechanisms such as DNA methylation, genomic imprinting and Polycomb group of proteins (PcG) [65,103,110] . The epigenetic profiles across mammalian genomes are very heterogeneous and show a wide range of silencing dynamics.…”

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, most of the evidence of mammalian sncRNA-AGO-1 directed TGS relies on synthetic siRNAs or shRNAs driving TGS to control infectious agents, such as HIV-1 [113] , or cellular genes that support viral replication [114] . Nonetheless, the relatively slow accumulation of evidence has supported the existence of this functional pathway, with evidence for miRNA-induced TGS in senescence [107] and in differentiation [65] . We will explain the basis for the doubts and show the recent evidence supporting mammalian sncRNA-directed TGS.…”

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first is a siRNA/DNA-binding model [65,136] , during which the RITS complex binds directly to chromatin. This binding seems to be dependent on the interaction between the siRNA and its DNA-target sequence.…”

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-transcriptional gene silencing, transcriptional gene silencing and human immunodeficiency virus

Méndez

2015

WJV

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Section: Sncrnasmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-transcriptional gene silencing, transcriptional gene silencing and human immunodeficiency virus

Méndez

2015

WJV

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“…MiRNAs primarily regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. However, miRNAs can also regulate gene expression at the epigenetic level [35][36][37][38][39]. Furthermore, miRNAs and RNAi processing machinery are present in the nucleus [40][41][42].…”

Section: (A) Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of epigenetic-related codes in neurocomputation: dynamic hardware in the brain

Edelstein

Smythies

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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This paper presents a review of recent work on the role that two epigeneticrelated systems may play in information processing mechanisms in the brain. The first consists of exosomes that transport epigenetic-related molecules between neurons. The second consists of homeoproteins like Otx2 that carry information from sense organs to primary sensory cortex. There is developing evidence that presynaptic neurons may be able to modulate the fine microanatomical structure in the postsynaptic neuron. This may be conducted by three mechanisms, of which the first is well established and the latter two are novel. (i) By the well-established activation of receptors that trigger a chain of signalling molecules (second messengers) that result in the upregulation and/or activation of a transcription factor. The two novel systems are the exosome system and homeoproteins. (ii) Exosomes are small vesicles that are released upon activation of the axon terminal, traverse the synaptic cleft, probably via astrocytes and are taken up by the postsynaptic neuron. They carry a load of signalling proteins and a variety of forms of RNA. These loads may then be transported widely throughout the postsynaptic neuron and engineer modulations in the fine structure of computational machinery by epigenetic-related processes. (iii) Otx2 is a transcription factor that, inter alia, controls the development and survival of PVþ GABAergic interneurons (PV cells) in the primary visual cortex. It is synthesized in the retina and is transported to the cortex by a presently unknown mechanism that probably includes direct cell-to-cell transfer, and may, or may not, include transfer by the dynein and exosome systems in addition. These three mechanisms explain a quantity of data from the field of de-and reafferentation plasticity. These data show that the modality of the presynaptic neuron controls to a large extent the modality of the postsynaptic neuron. However, the mechanism that effects this is currently unknown. The exosome and the homeoprotein hypotheses provide novel explanations to add to the well-established earlier mechanism described above.

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Control of Gene Expression by Nuclear Retinoic Acid Receptors

Carrier

Rochette‐Egly

2015

The Retinoids

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Polycombs and microRNA-223 regulate human granulopoiesis by transcriptional control of target gene expression

Cited by 138 publications

References 50 publications

Post-transcriptional gene silencing, transcriptional gene silencing and human immunodeficiency virus

Post-transcriptional gene silencing, transcriptional gene silencing and human immunodeficiency virus

The role of epigenetic-related codes in neurocomputation: dynamic hardware in the brain

Control of Gene Expression by Nuclear Retinoic Acid Receptors

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