Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in Oncology

Implications in Cancer of Nuclear Micro RNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and Circular RNAs Bound by PRC2 and FUS

“…EZH2 is the enzymatic catalytic subunit of PRC2 that can alter downstream target gene expression by trimethylation of Lys-27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3). In addition, EZH2 can regulate gene expression in other ways besides H3K27me3 [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Earlier studies have revealed that EZH2 possesses an RNA-binding domain in the amino acid residues 342–368, and the phosphorylation of specific residues is cell cycle regulated and increases the binding to ncRNAs [ 85 ].…”

“…It has been reported that EZH2 is highly expressed in various cancer types [ 95 , 96 , 97 ] and mediates epigenetic silencing by catalyzing the heterochromatin histone mark H3K27me3 at specific loci, which in turn induces changes in gene expression leading to abnormal biological functions [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 98 ]. Increasing evidence has reported that the lncRNA ATB ( lnc-ATB ) promoted tumor progression in breast [ 99 ], prostate [ 100 ], and colon cancers [ 101 ], therefore suggesting lnc-ATB as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in human cancers [ 102 ].…”