PolyCO in XRF analysis: Fundamental Parameter Method applied for Japanese Buddhist scroll studies

Identification of material by X-ray fluorescence analysis with a pyroelectric X-ray generator

“…This section provides a comprehensive explanation of the methodology employed for calculating concentrations based on the Fundamental Parameter Method (FPM) [20]. Additionally, our data analysis is conducted using software developed at DppMCA, which operates through a LabView-based architecture.…”

“…Through postprocessing, we successfully determined the characteristic X-ray yields of the elements present in the examined samples, as detailed in table 2. The final step involves correlating the integrated count of each identified element with its elemental concentration in the sample, using the Fundamental Parameter Method (FPM) [20]. Although this approach is less precise than empirical methods like internal standardization technique.…”

“…However, FPM allows analysis of unknown samples. Thus, FPM provides an initial approximation of the sample's characteristic X-ray yield with the pyroelectric setup [20]. Therefore, FPM enables the acquisition of an initial estimate of the sample's characteristic X-ray yield using the PD-XPIF setup.…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its special applications

“…Improvements to confocal μXRF quantification schemes continued to be made. Cappuccio et al 25 presented a thorough overview of the quantitative analysis capabilities of the fundamental parameter (FPM) approach, routinely available at the “Rainbow X-ray” facility (XLab, Frascati, Italy). A case study of decorative pigments covering two Japanese Buddhist scrolls provided quantitative results for 16 elements (Al to Sr) with concentrations of 0.04 to 73% (w/w).…”